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FSU AMH 2020 - Exam 1 questions with verified solutions
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FSU AMH 2020 - Exam 1Gilded Age, South and West: - correct answer ✔✔
Reconstruction
(1865-1876) - correct answer ✔✔- Covers the complete history of the entire country from 1865 to 1877
following the Civil War and focuses on the transformation of the Southern United States as directed by
Congress, with the reconstruction of state and society
- African Americans have the right to vote
- Ushers in a period where Republicans have majority control over the government
- Federal troops had to go to polling places to ensure people were letting African Americans vote
Redemption
(1870s) - correct answer ✔✔White Democratic Southerners saw themselves as redeeming the South by
regaining power
Redeemers - correct answer ✔✔- The southern wing of the Bourbon Democrats, the ultra-conservative,
far right, pro-business faction in the Democratic Party, who pursued a policy of Redemption, seeking to
oust the Radical Republican, far left coalition of freedmen, "carpetbaggers", and "scalawags"
- They generally were led by the rich landowners, businessmen and professionals, and dominated
Southern politics in most areas from the 1870s to 1910
The New South - correct answer ✔✔- The North had a much better industrial pace; better
transportation; so they wanted change
- Textiles - Small factories that produce clothing; gives women and children an opportunity to work;
however no child labor laws, small wages, dangerous work
- Tobacco - Grew rapidly in VA and SC
Sharecropping - correct answer ✔✔A system of agriculture in which a landowner allows a tenant to use
the land in return for a share of the crops produced on their portion of land
,Exodusters - correct answer ✔✔African Americans who left the South after Reconstruction, hoping to
find a better life in the west
Homesteaders - correct answer ✔✔Settlers who bought cheap land in the West from the Federal
Government under the terms of the Homestead Act
Railroad Monopolies - correct answer ✔✔- Railroads transported people and goods faster; made several
industries more profitable; downsides include the fact that the railroad lines were difficult to build
(building over mountains); if a railroad went bankrupt, the town it was in most likely went bankrupt
- Many of the railroad companies created a monopoly, setting low prices that other companies couldn't
match, and then increase the prices and make a huge profit
Dawes Act - correct answer ✔✔Authorized the President of the United States to survey American Indian
tribal land and divide it into allotments for individual Indians
Gilded Age, North and National Politics: - correct answer ✔✔
Monopolies - correct answer ✔✔The exclusive possession or control of the supply or trade in a
commodity or service
Trusts - correct answer ✔✔- An arrangement that gives one company the power to manage another
company without owning them outright
- Created to avoid the appearance of having a monopoly
Standard Oil Company - correct answer ✔✔- Owned by John D. Rockefeller
- Controlled over 90% of the US oil industry
Carnegie Steel Company - correct answer ✔✔- Owned by Andrew Carnegie
- The largest industrial company in the world during the late 1800s
New Immigration - correct answer ✔✔New vs. Old
- Old: Came from Northern or Western Europe; Came to the US as early as the 1600s
, - New: Eastern and Southern Europe; 1880s
- More than 5 million per year were showing up in southern Europe per year
- Came for jobs; Worked 10-12 hours a day with little pay and dangerous working conditions
- Came for ship docks
Tenements - correct answer ✔✔Apartment buildings from hell; Where the new immigrants often lived
Political Machines - correct answer ✔✔- Organizations run by a few political men, known as bosses;
Controlled every aspect of city politics
- Often the men who controlled these political machines were corrupt
- Bosses would help the immigrants; wanted them to vote for them
Temperance - correct answer ✔✔Movement against the public consumption of alcohol
- Slightly different from the prohibition movement
- Issue divided along the lines of race and class
- Many in the middle and upper class saw alcohol as a social evil - the root cause of poverty, crime, and
immorality
- For many in the working class and in the immigrant community, alcohol provided a social outlet
Tariffs - correct answer ✔✔A tax on imports (goods manufacturers in other countries)
- If you're from an area in the US with a large manufacturing base, you like high tariffs; Less competition
= easier and more profitable for companies in your area to sell their goods = better for your area's
industries and economy
- If you're from an area in the US without a large manufacturing base, you like low tariffs; More
competition = price of goods is cheaper
Patronage - correct answer ✔✔The power to control appointments to office or the right to privileges
- Officials in the Gilded Age focused primarily on strengthening their political machines
- Administrative jobs in the state or in the government
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