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Test Bank for Biological Science 6th Edition by Scott Freeman Lizabeth Allison A+
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Created By: A SolutionTest Bank for Biological Science 6th Edition by Scott
Freeman Lizabeth Allison A+
Chapter 1 Biology and the Tree of Life
1) The pattern component of the cell theory claims that all organisms consist of cells.
A) true
B) false Answer: A
Reference: Section 1.1 Bloom's Level: Remembering
LOs: Chp1-2. Describe the two components of the cell theory.
2) How does a scientific theory differ from a scientific hypothesis?
A) There is no difference—the terms are interchangeable.
B) A theory is an explanation for a very general phenomenon or observation; hypotheses
treat more specific observations.
C) A hypothesis is an explanation for a very general phenomenon; theories treat more
specific issues.
D) Theories define scientific laws; hypotheses are used to set up experiments. Answer: B
Reference: Section 1.1
Bloom's Level: Comprehension
LOs: Chp1-2. Describe the two components of the cell theory.
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3) Algae in the genus Caulerpa typically grow to a length of over half a meter and have
structures similar to stems, leaves, and roots. Reproduction occurs when adults produce sperm
and eggs that fuse to form offspring. Each adult Caulerpa, however, consists of just a single cell.
Which of the following statements is true?
A) Caulerpa violate the pattern component of the cell theory—that all organisms consist of
cells.
B) Caulerpa violate the process component of the cell theory—that all cells come from
preexisting cells.
C) Caulerpa violate both the pattern and process components of the cell theory.
D) The existence of Caulerpa is consistent with the cell theory. Answer: D
Reference: Section 1.1
Bloom's Level: Comprehension
LOs: Chp1-2. Describe the two components of the cell theory.
4) Which statement about spontaneous generation is FALSE?
A) Pasteur demonstrated that it does not occur under normal laboratory conditions.
B) It apparently occurred at least once–when life on Earth began.
C) It occurs every time a new species evolves from a preexisting species.
D) It addresses the formation of living cells from previously nonliving material.
Answer: C Reference: Section 1.1
Bloom's Level: Remembering
LOs: Chp1-2. Describe the two components of the cell theory.
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5) Recall Pasteur's experiment on spontaneous generation. Originally, he used sealed and
unsealed flasks instead of swan-necked and unsealed flasks. Critics claimed that the experiment
was inconclusive. Which of the following criticisms would be addressed by using a swan-necked
flask instead of the sealed flask?
A) The broth was heated too intensively.
B) There had not been enough time for spontaneous generation to occur.
C) Fresh air is required for spontaneous generation.
D) The broth was not nutritious enough. Answer: C
Reference: Section 1.1
Bloom's Level: Comprehension/Applying
LOs: Chp1-2. Describe the two components of the cell theory.
6) Which of the following is the best example of a heritable variation?
A) skin cancer
B) amputation
C) red hair
D) love for music Answer: C
Reference: Section 1.2
Bloom's Level: Comprehension
LOs: Chp1-1. Name five fundamental characteristics shared by all living organisms.
7) How does artificial selection differ from natural selection?
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A) Artificial selection occurs only in computer simulations, not with actual organisms.
B) Artificial selection is based on conscious choices by humans.
C) Artificial selection occurs only with plants.
D) Artificial selection is not based on heritable variation, but on new mutations. Answer: B
Reference: Section 1.2
Bloom's Level: Comprehension
LOs: Chp1-3. Briefly explain the theory of natural selection, and clarify the two conditions that
are necessary and sufficient for natural selection to bring about evolutionary change in a
population.
8) Over the past several decades, natural selection has caused populations of Staphylococcus
aureus (an infectious wound bacterium) to evolve resistance to most antibiotics. If antibiotic use
were stopped, what would you predict would happen to these S. aureus populations?
A) They will go extinct without the antibiotic.
B) The populations will begin colonizing new environments.
C) The frequency of nonresistant forms will increase in these populations.
D) The frequency of resistant forms will definitely increase in these populations. Answer: C
Reference: Section 1.2 Bloom's Level: Applying
LOs: Chp1-3. Briefly explain the theory of natural selection, and clarify the two conditions that
are necessary and sufficient for natural selection to bring about evolutionary change in a
population.
9) Environments all over the world are changing as a result of global warming. Could this
influence natural selection?
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