LLCU 213 - LEC 4 Exam Questions With
Correct Answers
Canadian organized crime groups have a range of businesses including: - answer✔Smuggling,
transportation, protection and bribery
When did contraband start in Canada? - answer✔Fur traders in the 1870s
What was the earliest creation of Opium in Canada? - answer✔Chinese merchants opened
several factories in Victoria to convert raw gum opium to smokeable form
What province was the leading North American importer, producer, and exporter of Opium? -
answer✔British Columbia
When was Canada the largest supplier of alcohol related products to U.S. - answer✔During
prohibition (60-90%)
What is the French connection? - answer✔Quebec has special relationship with France in areas
of culture, commerce, and language
How was Montreal significant in smuggling? - answer✔- Montreal emerged as North American
transhipment point in heroin smuggling
- Montreal is connected with New York City through St Lawrence river and Atlantic ocean
By the end of the 1990s, Canada has established itself as... - answer✔"continent's preeminent
supplier of high-grade marijuana, methamphetamines, and ecstasy"
Canada is a criminal microcosmo with at least three types of groups: - answer✔1) Imports
(mexican cartels)
2) Hybrids (montreal mafia, big circle boys)
3) Indigenous creations (indigenous gangs)
Describe the financial structure of an Organized crime group - answer✔1) Profits of OC
2) Reinvestment in criminal activities, investments in legitimate businesses (real estate, cars,
companies, etc.), management costs of OC
What are the common patters among "high threat" OCGs networks? - answer✔- Using violence
as an integral part of strategy
- Infiltrating law enforcement, security, government agencies and the private sector
- Having extensive criminal associations with other OCG's
- Having interprovincial and international scope
Street gangs - answer✔- Use social media to encourage violence
- Involved in most OCG-related public shoots and open acts of violence putting innocent
bystanders at risk
What are the emerging higher risk opioids? - answer✔Isotonitazene
Black/Grey Death
Xylazine
What are examples of non traditional OCGs? - answer✔Cyber criminals and those involved in
money laundering
Approximately 50% of 176 Canadian organized crime groups involved with money laundering
maintain _____________________ - answer✔International relations
- Half the groups with international relations are engaged in the cocaine market
How do criminals commonly pay for mass marketing fraud and make dark web marketplace
purchases? - answer✔Cryptocurrencies
What has the government done to combat money laundering? - answer✔Implemented legislative
changes to strengthen anti-money laundering regimes
What are examples of fraud schemes to collect money or personal information? -
answer✔Government services schemes, identity theft and phishing, romance scams, random
ware schemes, elder-targeted scams, securities fraud, payments card fraud, real estate fraud
What crimes are seen as "white collar" and why? - answer✔Financial crime - committed by
competent individuals and interconnected OCGs
What were the earliest forms of gambling in Canada? - answer✔(1500s) Natives would use
sticks and rocks to gamble on games of chance
(1800s) Gambling really started to gain traction and got completely banned in 1892
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