Chapter 01 - Molecular Reasons
1. Which of these is the best definition of matter?
a. The pull of gravity on an object.
b. Anything that has weight and volume.
c. Anything that has mass and occupies space.
d. Anything that is directly proportional to weight.
e. The measure of the amount of space an object occupies.
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
2. Which of these statements is correct?
a. The amount of carbon on earth is essentially constant.
b. The amount of carbon on earth fluctuates with the seasons.
c. The amount of carbon on earth is increasing due to plant and animal growth.
d. The amount of carbon on earth is decreasing due to consumption of carbon based fuels.
e. Both B and C are correct.
ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1
3. The French chemist Antoine Lavoisier found that the weight of objects before burning and the weight of the products
after burning were equal. He concluded that the total weight did not change during a process. Which of these best
describes Lavoisier's conclusion?
a. From observation, Lavoisier created a scientific law.
b. From observation, Lavoisier created a scientific theory.
c. From scientific law, Lavoisier created a scientific theory.
d. From experimentation, Lavoisier created a scientific law.
e. From observation, Lavoisier created a scientific conclusion.
ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1
4. When using the scientific method, before experiments are done a ___________ should be established.
a. hypothesis
b. law
c. theory
d. conclusion
ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1
5. A statement which summarizes the data obtained from a series of observations is known as a(n) ____.
a. observation
b. law
c. theory
d. conclusion
e. experiment
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
Cengage Learning Testing, Powered by Cognero Page 1
,Chapter 01 - Molecular Reasons
6. Which of these is not part of the scientific method?
a. Observation
b. Law
c. Theory
d. Conclusion
e. Experiment
ANSWER: d
POINTS: 1
7. Which of these is the best definition of a scientific theory?
a. A prediction based on a limited number of observations.
b. A method of explaining observations that appears contradictory.
c. A broadly applicable generalization with virtually no exceptions.
d. A method for approaching problems that is used by all scientists.
e. A tentative model that describes the underlying cause of a physical behavior.
ANSWER: e
POINTS: 1
8. Which of these is the best definition of a scientific law?
a. A prediction based on a limited number of observations.
b. A method of explaining observations that appear contradictory.
c. A broadly applicable generalization with virtually no exceptions.
d. A method for approaching problems that is used by all scientists.
e. A rule made by scientists to ensure consistency in their observations.
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
9. A(n) ____ is an explanation of a scientific observation.
a. law
b. theory
c. conclusion
d. prediction
e. epiphany
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
10. Which of these is not a requirement of a scientifically acceptable theory?
a. Good predictive power of the theory
b. Proven by additional experimentation
c. Sound reasoning for a particular observation
d. Easily revised to accommodate new observations
e. Provides model of behavior consistent with other widely accepted theories
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
Cengage Learning Testing, Powered by Cognero Page 2
,Chapter 01 - Molecular Reasons
11. Which of these statements about the scientific method is incorrect?
a. It is a group of absolute truths.
b. It uses experiments that are reproducible
c. It is used for testing claims about the natural world.
d. It requires one to propose a theory and perform experiments to give results which confirm or disclaim the
theory.
e. All of these are correct statements.
ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1
12. To explain natural phenomena scientists must _____.
a. have an opinion
b. make observations
c. guess correctly most of the time
d. agree with existing theories
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
13. Which scientist first theorized that matter was ultimately composed of small indivisible particles called atoms?
a. Dalton
b. Lavoisier
c. Empedocles
d. Plato
e. Democritus
ANSWER: e
POINTS: 1
14. The predecessor to chemistry is known as ____.
a. alchemy
b. pre-chemistry
c. biology
d. biochemistry
e. physical science
ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1
15. Which of these contributions did Alchemists of the Middle Ages make to modern science?
a. Sun centered universe and metallurgy
b. Metallurgy and development of scientific techniques
c. Scientific method and the Law of Conservation of Mass
d. Law of Conservation of Matter and The First Atomic Theory
e. Law of Conservation of Mass and the Law of Constant Composition
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
Cengage Learning Testing, Powered by Cognero Page 3
, Chapter 01 - Molecular Reasons
16. Thales believed that _____ is the principle element of all things.
a. earth
b. air
c. fire
d. water
e. gold
ANSWER: d
POINTS: 1
17. Which scientist is incorrectly matched with his idea or theory?
scientist theory
I. Copernicus a sun centered universe
II. Dalton Atomic Theory
III. Galileo a sun centered universe
IV. Vesalius Matter is composed of small indivisible particles.
V. Boyle The simplest form of a substance is an element.
a. I
b. II
c. III
d. IV
e. V
ANSWER: d
POINTS: 1
18. Which two scientists are credited with the endorsement of a sun centered universe?
a. Dalton and Plato
b. Boyle and Copernicus
c. Copernicus and Galileo
d. Democritus and Vesalius
e. Copernicus and Vesalius
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
19. The scientific revolution of the 1500s was marked by a move away from ____ and towards ____ as a method for
explaining the natural world.
a. law, theory
b. alchemy, research
c. reason, observation
d. scientific theory, experimentation
e. Both a and c are correct.
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
20. Identify the entities which will correctly complete the flow chart.
Cengage Learning Testing, Powered by Cognero Page 4
Voordelen van het kopen van samenvattingen bij Stuvia op een rij:
√ Verzekerd van kwaliteit door reviews
Stuvia-klanten hebben meer dan 700.000 samenvattingen beoordeeld. Zo weet je zeker dat je de beste documenten koopt!
Snel en makkelijk kopen
Je betaalt supersnel en eenmalig met iDeal, Bancontact of creditcard voor de samenvatting. Zonder lidmaatschap.
Focus op de essentie
Samenvattingen worden geschreven voor en door anderen. Daarom zijn de samenvattingen altijd betrouwbaar en actueel. Zo kom je snel tot de kern!
Veelgestelde vragen
Wat krijg ik als ik dit document koop?
Je krijgt een PDF, die direct beschikbaar is na je aankoop. Het gekochte document is altijd, overal en oneindig toegankelijk via je profiel.
Tevredenheidsgarantie: hoe werkt dat?
Onze tevredenheidsgarantie zorgt ervoor dat je altijd een studiedocument vindt dat goed bij je past. Je vult een formulier in en onze klantenservice regelt de rest.
Van wie koop ik deze samenvatting?
Stuvia is een marktplaats, je koop dit document dus niet van ons, maar van verkoper TestsBanks. Stuvia faciliteert de betaling aan de verkoper.
Zit ik meteen vast aan een abonnement?
Nee, je koopt alleen deze samenvatting voor €12,78. Je zit daarna nergens aan vast.
