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Chapter 5. Pain Assessment in and Management in Children
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Chapter 5. Pain Assessment in and Management in Children
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Chapter 5. Pain Assessment in and Management in ChildrenMULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Which is the most consistent and commonly used data for assessment of pain in infants?
a. Self-report
b. Behavioral
c. Physiologic
d. Parental report
ANS: B
Behavioral assessment is useful for measuring pain in young children and preverbal children
who do not have the language skills to communicate that they are in pain. Infants are not able to
,self-report. Physiologic measures are not able to distinguish between physical responses to pain
and other forms of stress. Parental report without a structured tool may not accurately reflect the
degree of discomfort.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding REF: dl. 152
TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment MSC: Client Needs: Physiological Integrity
2. Children as young as age 3 years can use facial scales for discrimination. What are some
suggested anchor words for the preschool age group?
a. No hurt.
b. Red pain.
c. Zero hurt.
d. Least pain.
ANS: A
No hurt is a phrase that is simple, concrete, and appropriate to the preoperational stage of the
child. Using color is complicated for this age group. The child needs to identify colors and pain
levels and then choose an appropriate symbolic color. This is appropriate for an older child. Zero
is an abstract construct not appropriate for this age group. Least pain is less concrete than no
hurt.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying REF: dl. 154
TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment MSC: Client Needs: Physiological Integrity
3. What is an important consideration when using the FACES pain rating scale with children?
a. Children color the face with the color they choose to best describe their pain.
b. The scale can be used with most children as young as 3 years.
, c. The scale is not appropriate for use with adolescents.
d. The FACES scale is useful in pain assessment but is not as accurate as physiologic responses.
ANS: B
The FACES scale is validated for use with children ages 3 years and older. Children point to the
face that best describes their level of pain. The scale can be used through adulthood. The childs
estimate of the pain should be used. The physiologic measures may not reflect more long-term
pain.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying REF: dl. 154
TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment MSC: Client Needs: Physiological Integrity
4. What describes nonpharmacologic techniques for pain management?
a. They may reduce pain perception.
b. They usually take too long to implement.
c. They make pharmacologic strategies unnecessary.
d. They trick children into believing they do not have pain.
ANS: A
Nonpharmacologic techniques provide coping strategies that may help reduce pain perception,
make the pain more tolerable, decrease anxiety, and enhance the effectiveness of analgesics. The
nonpharmacologic strategy should be matched with the childs pain severity and be taught to the
child before the onset of the painful experience. Tricking children into believing they do not have
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