University of Reading (UOR)

Circulation System, Respiratory pigments, Gas Exchange Organs, Ventilation, Factors affecting Respiration.

Marine/Terrestrial Environments, Excretion, Excretory System Structure and Function,

Threat Classification, Survivorship Curves, Avoidance, Dissuasion, Repulsion, Internal threats, Response to Stressors, Repair and Ageing.

Evolutionary Pathways, Sexual/Asexual Reproduction, Sex Determination, Plasticity and Contingency, Life Histories, Reproductive Patterns, Insect Lifestyles, Control of Reproductive Success, Synchronicity, Cycles and Diapauses, Facilitating Phases

Developmental Sequences, Fertilisation, Development Patterns, Gastrulation, Embryology, Larval Development, Insect Development, Regeneration

Neurons and Neurotransmitters, Functional morphology, Organisation of Nervous System, Brain Power, Receptors and Sensory Processing, Sensory Processsing

Cnidaria and Ctenophores: Feeding, Defense, Sensory Organs, Phylogenetic Position, Human Interactions.

Evolution and Classification, Echinoderm Phylogeny and Anatomy, Classes: Asteroidea, Crinoidea, Echinodea, Ophiuroidea, Holothuroidea,

Coccinellidae, Life Cycle and Types.

Papilionidae, Hesperiidae, Pieridae, Nymphalidae (and Suborders), Riodinidae, Lycaenidae (and sub-orders), Anatomy, Distributions and Re-introductions.