COMM 101 Final Exam Study Guide 2024

COMM 101 Final Exam Study Guide 2024 Encoding -Answer-the sender encodes a message; creating a message to send to the receiver Decoding -Answer-interpreting a message Message -Answer-the particular meaning or content that the sender wishes the receiver to understand (can be intentional or unintentional, verbal or nonverbal, written or spoken, etc) Channel -Answer-the method a sender uses to send a message to the receiver Noise -Answer-anything that interferes with the sending or receiving of a message; can be external or internal Linear Model of Communication -Answer-suggests that communication moves only in one direction; Transactional Model of Communication -Answer-demonstrates that communication participants act as senders and receivers simultaneously, creating reality through their interactions; Self-concept -Answer-sum total of who we think we are, or how we define ourselves Self-Esteem -Answer-the degree to which we value or devalue who we think we are Self-Fulfilling Prophecy -Answer-when our behavior serves to fulfill someone else's expectations for us Stereotypes -Answer-broad generalizations; making a judgment about a person or a group of people based off of previous notions; putting a group of people all in the same category; Reflected Appraisal -Answer-evaluating ourselves based upon how we see others seeing us; seeing yourself through the eyes of others, or through the way you think others see you; Situational Aspects -Answer-the "when, where, and why" the communication is taking place Relational Aspects -Answer-the "whom" the communication is taking place with Feedback -Answer-a noticeable response to a sender's message either verbally or nonverbally Identity Management -Answer-where we alter our behavior and/or appearance to control how others see us (must take place in public, must be intentional, does not require one to be entirely truthful) Facework -Answer-strategies used to shape one's social media image Classical Period -Answer-people placed high value on the spoken word and argumentation skills; accentuated emotion and logic to persuade others, and developed guidelines for public presentations Aristotle -Answer-defined "rhetoric" and the three necessary proofs for persuasion - ethos, pathos, and logos Ethos -Answer-human character, morals, etc. Pathos -Answer-emotional appeal Logos -Answer-logical reason Kinesics -Answer-study of how we use body movement and facial expressions; Haptics -Answer-study of touch Proxemics -Answer-study of how we use our space influences the ways we relate with others Chronemics -Answer-study of how people use time Paralanguage -Answer-term we use to describe vocal qualities such as pitch, volume, inflection rate of speech, and rhythm Nonverbal Messages -Answer-Nonverbal messages are generally more accurate than verbal messages. Monochronic Culture -Answer-a culture that worships time (Ex: the US) Polychronic Culture -Answer-a culture that is more flexible regarding the use of time (Ex: Arab and Latin American countries) Cultural Connection -Answer-Nonverbal Communication; Ex: the handshake is the most common form of business greeting in the US; Far east countries - a handshake is most often accompanied by a bow; Touch (For example - How is touch looked at in the US?) -Answer-extremely situational and relational in the US; American residents tend to be more reserved when it comes to touch, especially in public; Types of Distances (proxemics) -Answer-- Intimate Distance: the most valued and guarded distance; touch to 18 inche