Self-Development in Mechanical and
Manufacturing Engineering
Questions and Answers
Author
Osama Mohammed Elmardi Suleiman
Nile Valley University – Faculty of Engineering & Technology
Mechanical Engineering Department
September
, Synopsis
The mechanical and manufacturing field requires an understanding of core areas including
mechanics, dynamics, thermodynamics, material science, structural analysis and electrical
technology. It is the branch of engineering that involves the design, production, and operation of
machinery.
The present text book contains a wide spectrum of questions and answers which focuses on
most areas of mechanical and manufacturing engineering. This book covers important topics in
mechanical and manufacturing engineering. These topics are chosen from a collection of most
authoritative and best reference books on mechanical and manufacturing engineering.
The questions cover the following areas of mechanical and manufacturing engineering:
Fluid mechanics.
Engineering design.
Refrigeration and air conditioning.
Heat transfer.
Machining operations.
Metal casting.
Engineering materials.
Forming operations.
Joining operations.
One should spend one hour daily for two months to learn and assimilate mechanical and
manufacturing engineering comprehensively. This way of systematic learning will prepare anyone
easily towards mechanical and manufacturing engineering interviews, online tests, examinations
and certifications.
Marketing Plan
I have no marketing plan for my book. I hope that you would take the advantage of marketing
it.
Social Media
The only social medium I accustomed to use is Facebook.
Writing Plans
There are five books which have been published in Lap Lambert Publishing Institution. These
books specialize in mechanical engineering, mathematics and civil engineering. For next 2 – 3
years, I am planning to publish more than ten books on composite materials technology and
theoretical analysis.
, Question One
What are Mechanical Properties of Material which every Mechanical Engineer
Should Know?
Mechanical properties of material:
There are mainly two types of materials. First one is metal and other one is nonmetals. Metals are
classified into two types: Ferrous metals and Non-ferrous metals. Ferrous metals mainly consist
iron with comparatively small addition of other materials. It includes iron and its alloy such as cast
iron, steel, HSS etc. Ferrous metals are widely used in mechanical industries for its various
advantages.
Nonferrous metals contain little or no iron. It includes aluminum, magnesium, copper, zinc etc.
Most Mechanical Properties are associated with metals these are-
#1. Strength:
The ability of material to withstand load without failure is known as strength. If a material can bear
more load, it means it has more strength. Strength of any material mainly depends on type of
loading and deformation before fracture. According to loading types, strength can be classified into
three types.
Tensile strength:
Compressive strength:
Shear strength:
According to the deformation before fracture, strength can be classified into three types.
Elastic strength:
Yield strength:
Ultimate strength:
#2. Homogeneity:
If a material has same properties throughout its geometry, known as homogeneous material and the
property is known as homogeneity. It is an ideal situation but practically no material is
homogeneous.
#3. Isotropy:
A material which has same elastic properties along its all loading direction known as isotropic
material.
#4. Anisotropy:
A material which exhibits different elastic properties in different loading direction known as an-
isotropic material.
#5. Elasticity:
, If a material regains its original dimension after removal of load, it is known as elastic material and
the property by virtue of which it regains its original shape is known as elasticity.
Every material possesses some elasticity. It is measure as the ratio of stress to strain under elastic
limit.
#6. Plasticity:
The ability of material to undergo some degree of permanent deformation without failure after
removal of load is known as plasticity. This property is used for shaping material by metal
working. It is mainly depending on temperature and elastic strength of material.
#7. Ductility:
Ductility is a property by virtue of which metal can be drawn into wires. It can also define as a
property which permits permanent deformation before fracture under tensile loading. The amount of
permanent deformation (measure in percentage elongation) decides either the material is ductile or
not.
Percentage elongation = (Final Gauge Length – Original Gauge Length) *100/ Original Gauge
Length
If the percentage elongation is greater than 5% in a gauge length 50 mm, the material is ductile and
if it less than 5% it is not.
#8. Brittleness:
Brittleness is a property by virtue of which, a material will fail under loading without significant
change in dimension. Glass and cast iron are well known brittle materials.
#9. Stiffness:
The ability of material to resist elastic deformation or deflection during loading, known as
stiffness. A material which offers small change in dimension during loading is stiffer. For example,
steel is stiffer than aluminum.
#10. Hardness:
The property of a material to resist penetration is known as hardness. It is an ability to resist
scratching, abrasion or cutting. It is also define as an ability to resist fracture under point loading.
#11. Toughness:
Toughness is defined as an ability to withstand with plastic or elastic deformation without failure. It
is defined as the amount of energy absorbed before actual fracture.
#12. Malleability:
A property by virtue of which a metal can flatten into thin sheets, known as malleability. It is also
defined as a property which permits plastic deformation under compression loading.
#13. Machinability:
A property by virtue of which a material can be cut easily.
Manufacturing Engineering
Questions and Answers
Author
Osama Mohammed Elmardi Suleiman
Nile Valley University – Faculty of Engineering & Technology
Mechanical Engineering Department
September
, Synopsis
The mechanical and manufacturing field requires an understanding of core areas including
mechanics, dynamics, thermodynamics, material science, structural analysis and electrical
technology. It is the branch of engineering that involves the design, production, and operation of
machinery.
The present text book contains a wide spectrum of questions and answers which focuses on
most areas of mechanical and manufacturing engineering. This book covers important topics in
mechanical and manufacturing engineering. These topics are chosen from a collection of most
authoritative and best reference books on mechanical and manufacturing engineering.
The questions cover the following areas of mechanical and manufacturing engineering:
Fluid mechanics.
Engineering design.
Refrigeration and air conditioning.
Heat transfer.
Machining operations.
Metal casting.
Engineering materials.
Forming operations.
Joining operations.
One should spend one hour daily for two months to learn and assimilate mechanical and
manufacturing engineering comprehensively. This way of systematic learning will prepare anyone
easily towards mechanical and manufacturing engineering interviews, online tests, examinations
and certifications.
Marketing Plan
I have no marketing plan for my book. I hope that you would take the advantage of marketing
it.
Social Media
The only social medium I accustomed to use is Facebook.
Writing Plans
There are five books which have been published in Lap Lambert Publishing Institution. These
books specialize in mechanical engineering, mathematics and civil engineering. For next 2 – 3
years, I am planning to publish more than ten books on composite materials technology and
theoretical analysis.
, Question One
What are Mechanical Properties of Material which every Mechanical Engineer
Should Know?
Mechanical properties of material:
There are mainly two types of materials. First one is metal and other one is nonmetals. Metals are
classified into two types: Ferrous metals and Non-ferrous metals. Ferrous metals mainly consist
iron with comparatively small addition of other materials. It includes iron and its alloy such as cast
iron, steel, HSS etc. Ferrous metals are widely used in mechanical industries for its various
advantages.
Nonferrous metals contain little or no iron. It includes aluminum, magnesium, copper, zinc etc.
Most Mechanical Properties are associated with metals these are-
#1. Strength:
The ability of material to withstand load without failure is known as strength. If a material can bear
more load, it means it has more strength. Strength of any material mainly depends on type of
loading and deformation before fracture. According to loading types, strength can be classified into
three types.
Tensile strength:
Compressive strength:
Shear strength:
According to the deformation before fracture, strength can be classified into three types.
Elastic strength:
Yield strength:
Ultimate strength:
#2. Homogeneity:
If a material has same properties throughout its geometry, known as homogeneous material and the
property is known as homogeneity. It is an ideal situation but practically no material is
homogeneous.
#3. Isotropy:
A material which has same elastic properties along its all loading direction known as isotropic
material.
#4. Anisotropy:
A material which exhibits different elastic properties in different loading direction known as an-
isotropic material.
#5. Elasticity:
, If a material regains its original dimension after removal of load, it is known as elastic material and
the property by virtue of which it regains its original shape is known as elasticity.
Every material possesses some elasticity. It is measure as the ratio of stress to strain under elastic
limit.
#6. Plasticity:
The ability of material to undergo some degree of permanent deformation without failure after
removal of load is known as plasticity. This property is used for shaping material by metal
working. It is mainly depending on temperature and elastic strength of material.
#7. Ductility:
Ductility is a property by virtue of which metal can be drawn into wires. It can also define as a
property which permits permanent deformation before fracture under tensile loading. The amount of
permanent deformation (measure in percentage elongation) decides either the material is ductile or
not.
Percentage elongation = (Final Gauge Length – Original Gauge Length) *100/ Original Gauge
Length
If the percentage elongation is greater than 5% in a gauge length 50 mm, the material is ductile and
if it less than 5% it is not.
#8. Brittleness:
Brittleness is a property by virtue of which, a material will fail under loading without significant
change in dimension. Glass and cast iron are well known brittle materials.
#9. Stiffness:
The ability of material to resist elastic deformation or deflection during loading, known as
stiffness. A material which offers small change in dimension during loading is stiffer. For example,
steel is stiffer than aluminum.
#10. Hardness:
The property of a material to resist penetration is known as hardness. It is an ability to resist
scratching, abrasion or cutting. It is also define as an ability to resist fracture under point loading.
#11. Toughness:
Toughness is defined as an ability to withstand with plastic or elastic deformation without failure. It
is defined as the amount of energy absorbed before actual fracture.
#12. Malleability:
A property by virtue of which a metal can flatten into thin sheets, known as malleability. It is also
defined as a property which permits plastic deformation under compression loading.
#13. Machinability:
A property by virtue of which a material can be cut easily.
