Crjs Study guides, Class notes & Summaries

Social Process Theories argue that criminal behavior is learned in interaction with others and that socialization and learning processes occur as the result of group membership and relationships Social Learning Theory places emphasis upon the role of communication and socialization in the acquisition of learned patterns of criminal behavior and the values that support that behavior (all behavior is learned in much the same way as crime) Differential Association people pursue cri...

Main findings and propositions of Sampson and Grove's study Self-report individual level data AND Official data for community traits First study to directly measure social control in communities Structure: SES, ethnic heterogeneity, family disruption, urbanization Process: unsupervised youth groups, friendship networks, participation in formal and volunteer organizations Informal social control variables Most have to rely on some sort of self-report data -Victimization survey...

Aggression Any behaviour towards another individual that is carried out with a proximate (immediate) intent to cause harm Violence Aggression that has extreme harm as its goal (e.g., death) Social learning theory Theory of crime proposed by Ron Akers that suggests that people commit crime not only as a result of direct reinforcement for criminal behaviour through a process of operant conditioning but also through vicarious reinforcement by observing others being rewarded for the...

Heroine cravings normally begin in approximately 1 - 3 hours following a previous dose. false Which statement is true about the Harrison Narcotic Act? required doctors to register with the IRS the opiate drugs and cocaine that they were prescribing to their patients and pay a small fee for the right to prescribe such drugs An early Greek physician named Claudius Galen: prescribed opium for practically everything The program that has been developed that combines detoxifica...

When did Victimology originate? 1940's when sociologists began to investigate the offender-victim relationship When was Victimology offered to study in North America? 1990's What are the two broad areas of inquiry for Victimology? victim suffering and the related issues of harm reduction and offender management, and the offender-victim relationship. Your book uses the term victim-victimizer relationship; however, you may prefer the term offender-victim relationship because it ...

Athabasca CRJS 360 Key Terms and Concepts Exam Review Rated A+

What happens at a trial? -serve as an educational purpose, helping both jurors and public understand how the balance is struck between protection of the community and protection of the rights of the individual -Jury Selection: typically selected from voter registration records, tax rolls, or motor vehicle records -Witness Testimony: swearing in obliges the witness to be truthful; direct examination is the first round of questions the prosecutor/defense asks the witness (either defense or pros...

Criminology the scientific study of the nature, extent, cause, and control of criminal behavior. (p. 4) Deviant behavior actions that departs from the social norm. Some are considered criminal, others merely harmless aberrations. (p. 4) Criminal justice systems made up of the agencies of social control, such as police departments, the courts, and correctional institutions, that handle criminal offenders. (p. 4) Criminological enterprise the various sub-areas included wit...

Which media frame sees equal treatment for all groups as a solution to problems in the criminal justice system? Racist system The term sexual abuse generally refers to Sexual touching without consent Which offense demonstrates how crimes can become increasingly criminalized over time? driving under the influence Murder, rape, and robbery are commonly categorized as which type of crime? street Why is it important to know the differences between criminal justice and...

Studies on the kinds of civil cases coming to court in this century find: Personal injury cases have increased Medical malpractice lawsuits are an example of: High stakes litigation because of the high costs involved Few people support Alternative Dispute Resolution(ADR). False A civil suit begins with the filing of a: complaint A person who brings a civil suit is called: plaintiff a complaint includes: a. description of the courts' jurisdictions (why it...