Examsrevision

1. The nurse is discussing the endocrine system with a class of nursing students. What substance would the nurse label as a hormone? a. Acetylcholine b. Norepinephrine c. Nucleic acid d. Serotonin Ans: B Feedback: A hormone is secreted directly into the bloodstream and travels from the site of production to react with specific receptor sites to cause an action. Norepinephrine, which is a neurotransmitter, is a hormone when it is produced in the adrenal medulla, secreted into circulation...

1. A patient suspected of having Cushing’s disease comes to the clinic. What drug might the nurse administer to test for adrenal function and responsiveness? a. Corticotropin b. Menotropins c. Thyrotropin alfa d. Chorionic gonadotropin Ans: A Feedback: Corticotropin (ACTH) and cosyntropin are used for diagnostic purposes to test adrenal function and responsiveness. Menotropin is a purified preparation of gonadotropins and is used as a fertility drug. Thyrotropin alfa is used as adjunc...

1. A student asks the pharmacology instructor to explain the action of anticholinergic agents. What would be the instructor’s best response? a. They block nicotinic receptors. b. They compete with serotonin for muscarinic acetylcholine receptor sites. c. They act to block the effects of the parasympathetic nervous system. d. They increase norepinephrine at the neuromuscular junction. Ans: C Feedback: Drugs that are used to block the effects of acetylcholine are called anticholinergic ...

1. The nurse administers an adrenergic blocking agent in order to prevent release of what neurotransmitter? a. Epinephrine b. Norepinephrine c. Serotonin d. Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) Ans: B Feedback: Adrenergic blocking agents prevent norepinephrine from being released from the adrenal medulla or from the nerve terminal from activating the receptor, which blocks sympathetic nervous system effects. Epinephrine, serotonin, and GABA are not associated with this process. 2. What med...

Chapter 26 Narcotics, Narcotic Antagonists, and Antimigraine Agents Chapter 27 General and Local Anesthetic Agents Chapter 28 Neuromuscular Junction Blocking Agents Chapter 29 Introduction to the Autonomic Nervous System Chapter 30 Adrenergic Agonists

1. The patient has had cevimeline (Evoxac) prescribed. What would be an appropriate dosing schedule for the nurse to administer this drug? a. Once a day b. Twice a day c. Three times a day d. Every 4 hours Ans: C Feedback: Cevimeline should be given three times a day with meals. Once or twice a day dosing would cause a decrease in therapeutic effects of the drug and every 4 hours could lead to toxicity. 2. A student asks the pharmacology instructor to describe the function of a choli...

1. A patient is admitted to the emergency department in shock. Isoproterenol (Isuprel) is administered. What would the nurse expect the effect of the isoproterenol to be? a. Increased blood pressure b. Decreased blood pressure c. Increased body temperature d. Decreased heart rate Ans: A Feedback: Isoproterenol stimulates beta-adrenergic receptors. Blood pressure is increased and heart rate is increased. Body temperature should not be affected. 2. What action do sympathomimetic drugs ...

1. According to the sliding filament theory, what is the initial action in a muscle contraction? a. Troponin is freed and prevents actin and myosin from reacting with each other. b. Calcium binds to troponin, which causes the release of actin and myosin binding sites. c. Actin and myosin molecules react with each other sliding along the filament and making it shorter. d. Muscle filament relaxes or slides back to the resting position. Ans: C Feedback: Actin and myosin molecules react wi...

1. The central nervous system (CNS) cells, where the impulses for the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) originate, are located where? a. Cranium and sacral area of the spinal cord b. Hypothalamus and the medulla c. Nerve membranes d. Thoracic and lumbar sections of the spinal cord Ans: D Feedback: The SNS is also called the thoracolumbar system because the CNS cells, where the impulses for the SNS originate, are located in the thoracic and lumbar sections of the spinal cord. The parasymp...

1. To decrease sympathetic stimulation in balanced anesthesia type of what agent would be used? a. Antihistamines b. Antiemetics c. Narcotics d. Sedative-hypnotics Ans: D Feedback: Sedative-hypnotics relax the patient, facilitate amnesia, and decrease sympathetic stimulation. Antihistamines decrease the chance of allergic reaction and help dry secretions. Antiemetics decrease the nausea and vomiting associated with gastrointestinal (GI) depression. Narcotics aid in the analgesic and sed...