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Organic Chemistry Exam Mastery Bundle: Questions & Accurate Answers
Organic Chemistry Exam Mastery Bundle: Questions & Accurate Answers
[Show more]Organic Chemistry Exam Mastery Bundle: Questions & Accurate Answers
[Show more]Name the 6 polar aprotic solvents-ANSWER-acetone, acetonitrile, DMSO, DMF, HMPA, THF 
 
Name the 5 polar protic solvents-ANSWER-acetic acid, ethanol, formic acid, methanol, water 
 
______ and ______ mechanisms are two step reactions that have _____ intermediates.-ANSWER-SN1; E1; 2 Intermediates eac...
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Add to cartName the 6 polar aprotic solvents-ANSWER-acetone, acetonitrile, DMSO, DMF, HMPA, THF 
 
Name the 5 polar protic solvents-ANSWER-acetic acid, ethanol, formic acid, methanol, water 
 
______ and ______ mechanisms are two step reactions that have _____ intermediates.-ANSWER-SN1; E1; 2 Intermediates eac...
alkanes - ANSWER--a hydrocarbon in which there are only single covalent bonds 
-the carbon atoms in this molecule can be arranged in a straight chain or in a chain that has branches 
 
alkenes - ANSWER--hydrocarbons that contain one or more carbon-carbon double covalent bonds 
-at least one carbon-c...
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Add to cartalkanes - ANSWER--a hydrocarbon in which there are only single covalent bonds 
-the carbon atoms in this molecule can be arranged in a straight chain or in a chain that has branches 
 
alkenes - ANSWER--hydrocarbons that contain one or more carbon-carbon double covalent bonds 
-at least one carbon-c...
A bottle of wine was left open in air. 
After a few days, the wine tasted of vinegar. 
Vinegar is a solution of ethanoic acid in water. 
-ANSWER-Wine contains ethanol. 
Explain how oxidation causes the wine to taste of vinegar after a few days. 
[3 marks] - ANSWER-air contains oxygen 
which oxidises...
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Add to cartA bottle of wine was left open in air. 
After a few days, the wine tasted of vinegar. 
Vinegar is a solution of ethanoic acid in water. 
-ANSWER-Wine contains ethanol. 
Explain how oxidation causes the wine to taste of vinegar after a few days. 
[3 marks] - ANSWER-air contains oxygen 
which oxidises...
addition reaction - ANSWER-an organic reaction in which a substance such as hydrogen or a halogen is added to the site of a double or triple bond in an organic molecule 
 
alcohol - ANSWER-an organic compound containing the hydroxyl group (-OH) as the functional group 
 
aldehyde - ANSWER-an organic...
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Add to cartaddition reaction - ANSWER-an organic reaction in which a substance such as hydrogen or a halogen is added to the site of a double or triple bond in an organic molecule 
 
alcohol - ANSWER-an organic compound containing the hydroxyl group (-OH) as the functional group 
 
aldehyde - ANSWER-an organic...
Which of the following statements correctly describes the different formulas used to represent a compound - ANSWER-The molecular formula gives the number of atoms of each element in a molecule of the compound 
2 The condensed structureral formula groups identically connected units together 
3 The mo...
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Add to cartWhich of the following statements correctly describes the different formulas used to represent a compound - ANSWER-The molecular formula gives the number of atoms of each element in a molecule of the compound 
2 The condensed structureral formula groups identically connected units together 
3 The mo...
atom - ANSWER-basic unit of matter 
 
proton - ANSWER-positively charged subatomic particle 
 
electron - ANSWER-negatively charged subatomic particle; gives an element its chemical properties 
 
neutron - ANSWER-subatomic particle that has the same mass as a proton but no electric charge 
 
nucleus...
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Add to cartatom - ANSWER-basic unit of matter 
 
proton - ANSWER-positively charged subatomic particle 
 
electron - ANSWER-negatively charged subatomic particle; gives an element its chemical properties 
 
neutron - ANSWER-subatomic particle that has the same mass as a proton but no electric charge 
 
nucleus...
structural theory of matter - ANSWER-substances are defined by specific arrangement of atoms 
 
constitutional isomers - ANSWER-compounds with the same molecular formula but different connections among their atoms 
 
covalent bonds - ANSWER-pair of electrons shared between two atoms 
 
protons - ANS...
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Add to cartstructural theory of matter - ANSWER-substances are defined by specific arrangement of atoms 
 
constitutional isomers - ANSWER-compounds with the same molecular formula but different connections among their atoms 
 
covalent bonds - ANSWER-pair of electrons shared between two atoms 
 
protons - ANS...
Saturated Hydrocarbon - ANSWER-Contain only only carbon-to-carbon single bonds. The most chemically inert of all organic compounds. 
 
Unsaturated Hydrocarbon - ANSWER-Contain carbon-to-carbon double or triple bonds. 
 
Hydrocarbon Molecule - ANSWER-Contains only carbon and hydrogen. Can be divided ...
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Add to cartSaturated Hydrocarbon - ANSWER-Contain only only carbon-to-carbon single bonds. The most chemically inert of all organic compounds. 
 
Unsaturated Hydrocarbon - ANSWER-Contain carbon-to-carbon double or triple bonds. 
 
Hydrocarbon Molecule - ANSWER-Contains only carbon and hydrogen. Can be divided ...
What are *stereoisomers*? - ANSWER-Compounds that differ from each other only in the three-dimensional, spatial arrangement of their atoms, but not in the connectivity of their atoms 
 
Isomers - ANSWER-"made of the same parts" 
 
Compounds that are constructed from the same atoms (same molecu...
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Add to cartWhat are *stereoisomers*? - ANSWER-Compounds that differ from each other only in the three-dimensional, spatial arrangement of their atoms, but not in the connectivity of their atoms 
 
Isomers - ANSWER-"made of the same parts" 
 
Compounds that are constructed from the same atoms (same molecu...
Hydrogenation: H2,Ni high pressure/ H2,Pd - ANSWER-Reducing agent... Reduces Alkynes and Alkenes - Alkanes 
Aldehydes- primary alcohols 
Ketones- secondary alcohols 
Esters- two alcohols 
Imine- amine 
Amide- amine 
Nitrile- primary amine 
Nitro- amine 
 
10% NaOH - ANSWER-Aldol Condensation 
 
1.O3...
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Add to cartHydrogenation: H2,Ni high pressure/ H2,Pd - ANSWER-Reducing agent... Reduces Alkynes and Alkenes - Alkanes 
Aldehydes- primary alcohols 
Ketones- secondary alcohols 
Esters- two alcohols 
Imine- amine 
Amide- amine 
Nitrile- primary amine 
Nitro- amine 
 
10% NaOH - ANSWER-Aldol Condensation 
 
1.O3...
organic chemistry - ANSWER-study of carbon compounds 
 
organic compounds - ANSWER--have covalent bonds 
-contain C and usually H 
-has 4 bonds 
-typically nonpolar molecules 
-do not dissolve in water (vegetable oil) 
-weak attractions between molecules which cause for lower melting(-138 C) and boi...
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Add to cartorganic chemistry - ANSWER-study of carbon compounds 
 
organic compounds - ANSWER--have covalent bonds 
-contain C and usually H 
-has 4 bonds 
-typically nonpolar molecules 
-do not dissolve in water (vegetable oil) 
-weak attractions between molecules which cause for lower melting(-138 C) and boi...
Fredric Wörler - ANSWER-Made an organic chemical in his lab therefore: 
ORGANIC CHEMICALS CAN BE SYNTHESIZED BY MAN! (in 1812) 
 
Organic Chemistry 
Definition - ANSWER-Chemistry of carbon compounds 
e.g. gasoline, oils, polymers, plastics, paints... 
NOT INCLUDING: 
oxides (CO2, CO), carbonates...
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Add to cartFredric Wörler - ANSWER-Made an organic chemical in his lab therefore: 
ORGANIC CHEMICALS CAN BE SYNTHESIZED BY MAN! (in 1812) 
 
Organic Chemistry 
Definition - ANSWER-Chemistry of carbon compounds 
e.g. gasoline, oils, polymers, plastics, paints... 
NOT INCLUDING: 
oxides (CO2, CO), carbonates...
organic chemistry - ANSWER-study of chemical properties of carbon based molecules 
 
hydrocarbons - ANSWER-molecules that have hydrogen and carbon 
 
basic organic chemistry - ANSWER-molecules that have carbon 
 
Why carbon is important - ANSWER-1. carbons valence electrons - branch off in 4 separat...
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Add to cartorganic chemistry - ANSWER-study of chemical properties of carbon based molecules 
 
hydrocarbons - ANSWER-molecules that have hydrogen and carbon 
 
basic organic chemistry - ANSWER-molecules that have carbon 
 
Why carbon is important - ANSWER-1. carbons valence electrons - branch off in 4 separat...
In nucleophilic substitution reactions with alkyl halides the leaving group is? 
 A) A hydroxide group. 
 B) A halide anion. 
 C) A halide cation. 
 D) A carbon atom. 
 E) An ester. - ANSWER-B) A halide anion. 
 
Rank the following ions in terms of their leaving group reactivity. Br-, Cl-, I-, F-. 
...
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Add to cartIn nucleophilic substitution reactions with alkyl halides the leaving group is? 
 A) A hydroxide group. 
 B) A halide anion. 
 C) A halide cation. 
 D) A carbon atom. 
 E) An ester. - ANSWER-B) A halide anion. 
 
Rank the following ions in terms of their leaving group reactivity. Br-, Cl-, I-, F-. 
...
Alkane - ANSWER-Example: CH₃CH₃ 
Functional Group: C-C (Single bond) 
IUPAC Name: Ethane 
Shape: Tetrahedral at each C 
General Formula: CnH2n+2 
Occurrence: Methane from natural gas; others from crude oil 
 
Alkene - ANSWER-Example: CH₂=CH₂ 
Functional Group: C=C (Double bond) 
IUPAC Name: ...
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Add to cartAlkane - ANSWER-Example: CH₃CH₃ 
Functional Group: C-C (Single bond) 
IUPAC Name: Ethane 
Shape: Tetrahedral at each C 
General Formula: CnH2n+2 
Occurrence: Methane from natural gas; others from crude oil 
 
Alkene - ANSWER-Example: CH₂=CH₂ 
Functional Group: C=C (Double bond) 
IUPAC Name: ...
alkane - ANSWER-R-H 
 
(CH₃CH₃) 
 
alkene - ANSWER-Functional group: double bond 
 
alkyne - ANSWER-functional group: triple bond 
 
aromatic compound - ANSWER-functional group: phenyl 
 
alkyl halide - ANSWER-functional group: -X 
(halo group) 
 
alcohol - ANSWER-R-OH 
 
functional group: -OH ...
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Add to cartalkane - ANSWER-R-H 
 
(CH₃CH₃) 
 
alkene - ANSWER-Functional group: double bond 
 
alkyne - ANSWER-functional group: triple bond 
 
aromatic compound - ANSWER-functional group: phenyl 
 
alkyl halide - ANSWER-functional group: -X 
(halo group) 
 
alcohol - ANSWER-R-OH 
 
functional group: -OH ...
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Add to cartWhat do you call a carbon when it is a substituent? - ANSWER-Methyl - Attached to 3 Hs 
Primary - Attached to 1 R 
Secondary - Attached to 2 R 
Tertiary - Attached to 3 R 
 
What does alkyl mean? - ANSWER-It refers to an alkane. 
 
What are some physical properties of alkanes? - ANSWER-The more Cs, ...
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Add to cartWhat do you call a carbon when it is a substituent? - ANSWER-Methyl - Attached to 3 Hs 
Primary - Attached to 1 R 
Secondary - Attached to 2 R 
Tertiary - Attached to 3 R 
 
What does alkyl mean? - ANSWER-It refers to an alkane. 
 
What are some physical properties of alkanes? - ANSWER-The more Cs, ...
isomers - ANSWER-molecule that have the same molecule formula 
 
constitutional isomers - ANSWER-same formula, different connectivity of atoms 
 
stereoisomers - ANSWER-same formula, same connectivity, DIFFERENT spatial arrangement 
 
conformer - ANSWER-rotation of a group around a sigma bond (also ...
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Add to cartisomers - ANSWER-molecule that have the same molecule formula 
 
constitutional isomers - ANSWER-same formula, different connectivity of atoms 
 
stereoisomers - ANSWER-same formula, same connectivity, DIFFERENT spatial arrangement 
 
conformer - ANSWER-rotation of a group around a sigma bond (also ...
Chemistry - ANSWER: Study of matter and their chemical and physical properties 
 
Matter - ANSWER: Anything that has mass and occupy space 
 
Chemistry - ANSWER: Central science. Connects physical science and life science 
 
Energy - ANSWER: Ability to do work and accomplish change 
 
Analytical che...
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Add to cartChemistry - ANSWER: Study of matter and their chemical and physical properties 
 
Matter - ANSWER: Anything that has mass and occupy space 
 
Chemistry - ANSWER: Central science. Connects physical science and life science 
 
Energy - ANSWER: Ability to do work and accomplish change 
 
Analytical che...
Thermal Cracking - ANSWER: - High temperatures (1000C) 
- High pressure (up to 70atm) 
- Produces ALKENES 
- E.g. ethene --> polyethene 
 
Catalytic Cracking - ANSWER: - Zeolite catalyst 
- Slight pressure 
- High temperature (450C) 
- Produces AROMATICS 
 
Reformation - ANSWER: Alkanes --> c...
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Add to cartThermal Cracking - ANSWER: - High temperatures (1000C) 
- High pressure (up to 70atm) 
- Produces ALKENES 
- E.g. ethene --> polyethene 
 
Catalytic Cracking - ANSWER: - Zeolite catalyst 
- Slight pressure 
- High temperature (450C) 
- Produces AROMATICS 
 
Reformation - ANSWER: Alkanes --> c...
atoms to the left of carbon _______________ electrons - ANSWER: give up 
 
Atoms to the right of carbon ______________ electrons - ANSWER: accept 
 
carbon __________ electrons - ANSWER: share 
 
number of protons; defines which element - ANSWER: atomic number 
 
sum of protons and neutrons in an is...
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Add to cartatoms to the left of carbon _______________ electrons - ANSWER: give up 
 
Atoms to the right of carbon ______________ electrons - ANSWER: accept 
 
carbon __________ electrons - ANSWER: share 
 
number of protons; defines which element - ANSWER: atomic number 
 
sum of protons and neutrons in an is...
Valence Shell - ANSWER: outermost electron shell 
 
Valence Electrons - ANSWER: electrons on the outermost energy level of an atom 
 
Valence electrons on the periodic table - ANSWER: The number of valence electrons in an A group of the periodic table = its group number 
 
Octet Rule Theory - ANSWER...
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Add to cartValence Shell - ANSWER: outermost electron shell 
 
Valence Electrons - ANSWER: electrons on the outermost energy level of an atom 
 
Valence electrons on the periodic table - ANSWER: The number of valence electrons in an A group of the periodic table = its group number 
 
Octet Rule Theory - ANSWER...
Compound - ANSWER: A substance made up of atoms of two or more different elements joined by chemical bonds. 
 
Organic compounds - ANSWER: Compounds that contain bonds between carbon atoms. The four major groups of organic compounds are carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. 
 
Inorgani...
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Add to cartCompound - ANSWER: A substance made up of atoms of two or more different elements joined by chemical bonds. 
 
Organic compounds - ANSWER: Compounds that contain bonds between carbon atoms. The four major groups of organic compounds are carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. 
 
Inorgani...
What is Organic Chemistry? - ANSWER: study of compounds that contain the element CARBON. 
 
Why is carbon important? - ANSWER: Central element to all living organisms!! It is the basis to all life on earth. By studying carbon and organic compounds, scientists can learn more about life, the human bod...
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Add to cartWhat is Organic Chemistry? - ANSWER: study of compounds that contain the element CARBON. 
 
Why is carbon important? - ANSWER: Central element to all living organisms!! It is the basis to all life on earth. By studying carbon and organic compounds, scientists can learn more about life, the human bod...
Alkanes - ANSWER: entirely single bonds between carbons and hydrogens 
 
Alkenes - ANSWER: has a double bond and sp2 hybridization between some C and hydrogens 
 
Alkynes - ANSWER: has a triple bond between some carbon and hydrogens, sp hybridized 
 
What is the difference between benzene aromatic c...
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Add to cartAlkanes - ANSWER: entirely single bonds between carbons and hydrogens 
 
Alkenes - ANSWER: has a double bond and sp2 hybridization between some C and hydrogens 
 
Alkynes - ANSWER: has a triple bond between some carbon and hydrogens, sp hybridized 
 
What is the difference between benzene aromatic c...
organic compounds have at least one --- atom - ANSWER: carbon 
 
carbon atoms bond to form --, --, and -- - ANSWER: chains, rings, and networks 
 
bonds in an organic compound are --- - ANSWER: covalent 
 
organic compounds form --- compounds - ANSWER: molecular 
 
true false. 
organic compounds ar...
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Add to cartorganic compounds have at least one --- atom - ANSWER: carbon 
 
carbon atoms bond to form --, --, and -- - ANSWER: chains, rings, and networks 
 
bonds in an organic compound are --- - ANSWER: covalent 
 
organic compounds form --- compounds - ANSWER: molecular 
 
true false. 
organic compounds ar...
conc. H₂SO₄, heat - ANSWER: E1 
Alcohol --> Alkene 
regioselective - more substituted double bond 
stereoselective - trans(E)>cis(Z) 
Rearrangement around tertiary alcohol 
 
HCl - ANSWER: Sn1 
Alcohol --> Alkyl halide 
regioselective - tertiary alcohol 
 
HBr (3) - ANSWER: Sn1/Sn2: 
Al...
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Add to cartconc. H₂SO₄, heat - ANSWER: E1 
Alcohol --> Alkene 
regioselective - more substituted double bond 
stereoselective - trans(E)>cis(Z) 
Rearrangement around tertiary alcohol 
 
HCl - ANSWER: Sn1 
Alcohol --> Alkyl halide 
regioselective - tertiary alcohol 
 
HBr (3) - ANSWER: Sn1/Sn2: 
Al...
List 15 carbon names? 
-ANSWER: 
1 - Methane 
 
2 - Ethane 
 
3 - Propane 
 
4 - Butane 
 
5 - Pentane 
 
6 - Hexane 
 
7 - Heptane 
 
8 - Octane 
 
9 - Nonane 
 
10 - Decane 
 
11 - Undecane 
 
12 - Dodecane 
 
13 - Tridecane 
 
14 - Tetradecane 
 
15 - Pentadecane 
 
 
carbon bonds - ANSWER: carbo...
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Add to cartList 15 carbon names? 
-ANSWER: 
1 - Methane 
 
2 - Ethane 
 
3 - Propane 
 
4 - Butane 
 
5 - Pentane 
 
6 - Hexane 
 
7 - Heptane 
 
8 - Octane 
 
9 - Nonane 
 
10 - Decane 
 
11 - Undecane 
 
12 - Dodecane 
 
13 - Tridecane 
 
14 - Tetradecane 
 
15 - Pentadecane 
 
 
carbon bonds - ANSWER: carbo...
Carbohydrates - ANSWER-Any of a large group of organic compounds occurring in foods and living tissues and including sugars, starch, and cellulose. They contain hydrogen and oxygen in the same ratio as water. 
 
Lipids - ANSWER-Any of a class of organic compounds that are fatty acids or their deriva...
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Add to cartCarbohydrates - ANSWER-Any of a large group of organic compounds occurring in foods and living tissues and including sugars, starch, and cellulose. They contain hydrogen and oxygen in the same ratio as water. 
 
Lipids - ANSWER-Any of a class of organic compounds that are fatty acids or their deriva...
pKa = 25 - ANSWER-C2H2 
 
pKa = 51 - ANSWER-CH3CH3 
 
pKa = 44 - ANSWER-C2H4 
 
pKa = 38 - ANSWER-NH3 
 
pKa = 35 - ANSWER-H2 
 
pKa = 15.9 - ANSWER-CH3CH2OH 
 
pKa = 15.7 - ANSWER-H2O 
 
pKa = 10.64 - ANSWER-CH3NH3+ 
 
pKa = 9.24 - ANSWER-NH4+ 
 
pKa = 7.04 - ANSWER-H2S 
 
pKa = 6.33 - ANSWER-H2CO3
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Add to cartpKa = 25 - ANSWER-C2H2 
 
pKa = 51 - ANSWER-CH3CH3 
 
pKa = 44 - ANSWER-C2H4 
 
pKa = 38 - ANSWER-NH3 
 
pKa = 35 - ANSWER-H2 
 
pKa = 15.9 - ANSWER-CH3CH2OH 
 
pKa = 15.7 - ANSWER-H2O 
 
pKa = 10.64 - ANSWER-CH3NH3+ 
 
pKa = 9.24 - ANSWER-NH4+ 
 
pKa = 7.04 - ANSWER-H2S 
 
pKa = 6.33 - ANSWER-H2CO3
Inductive effects - ANSWER-The way in which electronegative atoms polarise electron density in the single bond framework of a molecule 
 
-I electron withdrawing effect - ANSWER-atoms that pull electrons away from the carbon that they are bonded to. more electronegative than carbon 
 
+I electron do...
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Add to cartInductive effects - ANSWER-The way in which electronegative atoms polarise electron density in the single bond framework of a molecule 
 
-I electron withdrawing effect - ANSWER-atoms that pull electrons away from the carbon that they are bonded to. more electronegative than carbon 
 
+I electron do...
Organic compounds are based on the element... - ANSWER-Carbon 
 
But not every compound contains carbon is organic. Think ____ ____, or CO2 - ANSWER-Carbon dioxide 
 
Carbon can form 4 different covalent bonds (why?) and is very ________ in its bonding. - ANSWER-Because of its 4 valence electrons; f...
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Add to cartOrganic compounds are based on the element... - ANSWER-Carbon 
 
But not every compound contains carbon is organic. Think ____ ____, or CO2 - ANSWER-Carbon dioxide 
 
Carbon can form 4 different covalent bonds (why?) and is very ________ in its bonding. - ANSWER-Because of its 4 valence electrons; f...
Alcohols - ANSWER-general formula: -ROH 
 
functional group -OH referred to as hydroxyl group 
 
nomenclature of alcohols - ANSWER-replacing -3 ending of root alkane with ending with -ol 
 
If alcohol is highest priority functional group, carbon atom attached to it receives the lowest possible num...
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Add to cartAlcohols - ANSWER-general formula: -ROH 
 
functional group -OH referred to as hydroxyl group 
 
nomenclature of alcohols - ANSWER-replacing -3 ending of root alkane with ending with -ol 
 
If alcohol is highest priority functional group, carbon atom attached to it receives the lowest possible num...
Empirical formula - ANSWER-The simplest whole number ratio of atoms of each element present in a compound 
 
How to find the empirical formula - ANSWER-Obtain the mass of each element present in grams 
(Element % = mass in g = m) 
 
Determine the number of moles of each type of atom present 
 
Divid...
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Add to cartEmpirical formula - ANSWER-The simplest whole number ratio of atoms of each element present in a compound 
 
How to find the empirical formula - ANSWER-Obtain the mass of each element present in grams 
(Element % = mass in g = m) 
 
Determine the number of moles of each type of atom present 
 
Divid...
How can alkenes be made? - ANSWER-We can obtain alkenes by cracking long chain hydrocarbon molecules that come from crude oil. 
 
What are alkenes? - ANSWER-Alkenes are hydrocarbons that are unsaturated and contain a carbon to carbon double bond. 
 
Why are alkenes unsaturated? - ANSWER-Alkenes are ...
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Add to cartHow can alkenes be made? - ANSWER-We can obtain alkenes by cracking long chain hydrocarbon molecules that come from crude oil. 
 
What are alkenes? - ANSWER-Alkenes are hydrocarbons that are unsaturated and contain a carbon to carbon double bond. 
 
Why are alkenes unsaturated? - ANSWER-Alkenes are ...
Empirical formula - ANSWER-A formula that gives the simplist whole number ration of atoms of each element in a compound 
 
Molecular formula - ANSWER-A way of representing molecules that shows the actual number of atoms of each element in a molecule 
 
General formula - ANSWER-An algebraic formula t...
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Add to cartEmpirical formula - ANSWER-A formula that gives the simplist whole number ration of atoms of each element in a compound 
 
Molecular formula - ANSWER-A way of representing molecules that shows the actual number of atoms of each element in a molecule 
 
General formula - ANSWER-An algebraic formula t...
chiral carbon - ANSWER-A carbon that is singly bonded to 4 different atoms forming a tetrahedron that forms non-superimposable mirror images 
 
homolytic fission - ANSWER-breaking a bond where each electron in a bond goes to one atom 
 
heterolytic fission - ANSWER-breaking a bond where both electro...
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Add to cartchiral carbon - ANSWER-A carbon that is singly bonded to 4 different atoms forming a tetrahedron that forms non-superimposable mirror images 
 
homolytic fission - ANSWER-breaking a bond where each electron in a bond goes to one atom 
 
heterolytic fission - ANSWER-breaking a bond where both electro...
T/F 
The properties of the hydrogen atom form the basis for all life - ANSWER-False 
 
The source of materials which eventually formed our vast coal and oil deposits came from 
_______ buried in _______ rocks all over the earth. - ANSWER-plant & animal matter 
sedimentary 
 
T/F 
Petroleum is used ...
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Add to cartT/F 
The properties of the hydrogen atom form the basis for all life - ANSWER-False 
 
The source of materials which eventually formed our vast coal and oil deposits came from 
_______ buried in _______ rocks all over the earth. - ANSWER-plant & animal matter 
sedimentary 
 
T/F 
Petroleum is used ...
Cis - ANSWER-Isomer with same group on same side 
 
Trans - ANSWER-Isomer with same group on different sides 
 
Addition - ANSWER-Reaction where double bond is broken and atoms are added into the molecule 
 
Elimination - ANSWER-Reaction where atoms are removed from molecule and a double bond forms ...
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Add to cartCis - ANSWER-Isomer with same group on same side 
 
Trans - ANSWER-Isomer with same group on different sides 
 
Addition - ANSWER-Reaction where double bond is broken and atoms are added into the molecule 
 
Elimination - ANSWER-Reaction where atoms are removed from molecule and a double bond forms ...
Meth- - ANSWER-1 carbon in main chain 
 
Eth- - ANSWER-2 carbons in main chain 
 
Prop- - ANSWER-3 carbons in main chain 
 
But- - ANSWER-4 carbons in main chain 
 
Pent- - ANSWER-5 carbons in main chain 
 
Hex- - ANSWER-6 carbons in main chain 
 
Hept- - ANSWER-7 carbons in main chain 
 
Oct- - ANS...
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Add to cartMeth- - ANSWER-1 carbon in main chain 
 
Eth- - ANSWER-2 carbons in main chain 
 
Prop- - ANSWER-3 carbons in main chain 
 
But- - ANSWER-4 carbons in main chain 
 
Pent- - ANSWER-5 carbons in main chain 
 
Hex- - ANSWER-6 carbons in main chain 
 
Hept- - ANSWER-7 carbons in main chain 
 
Oct- - ANS...
Covalent - ANSWER-When 2 atoms "share" electrons 
 
Empirical Formula - ANSWER-The lowest whole # ratio of atoms in a compound 
 
Molecular Formula - ANSWER-The actual number of atoms in a compound 
 
Homologous Series - ANSWER-The series of hydrocarbons that follows the formula C(n)H(an+b) 
 ...
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Add to cartCovalent - ANSWER-When 2 atoms "share" electrons 
 
Empirical Formula - ANSWER-The lowest whole # ratio of atoms in a compound 
 
Molecular Formula - ANSWER-The actual number of atoms in a compound 
 
Homologous Series - ANSWER-The series of hydrocarbons that follows the formula C(n)H(an+b) 
 ...
HX - ANSWER-Turns Double Bond into Addition of X at MarkovNikov position 
 
HBr, ROOR - ANSWER-Turns Double Bond into Addition of X at Anti-MarkovNikov position 
 
H₃O⁺ - ANSWER-Turns Double Bond into Addition of Alcohol at MarkovNikov position 
 
1)Hg(OAc)₂, H₂O 2)NaBH₄ - ANSWER-Turns Dou...
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Add to cartHX - ANSWER-Turns Double Bond into Addition of X at MarkovNikov position 
 
HBr, ROOR - ANSWER-Turns Double Bond into Addition of X at Anti-MarkovNikov position 
 
H₃O⁺ - ANSWER-Turns Double Bond into Addition of Alcohol at MarkovNikov position 
 
1)Hg(OAc)₂, H₂O 2)NaBH₄ - ANSWER-Turns Dou...
water - ANSWER--an inorganic molecule 
-60-80% of the volume of living cells 
-chemical nature gives it 6 important properties 
 
water is the universal solvent - ANSWER-water is polar- and allows small reactive compounds and ions to dissociate evenly (blood plasma, water in the lungs, bodily secret...
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Add to cartwater - ANSWER--an inorganic molecule 
-60-80% of the volume of living cells 
-chemical nature gives it 6 important properties 
 
water is the universal solvent - ANSWER-water is polar- and allows small reactive compounds and ions to dissociate evenly (blood plasma, water in the lungs, bodily secret...
Organic Chemistry - ANSWER-The branch of chemistry which deals with carbon compounds, including those with no relationship to life. 
 
Saturated Hydrocarbon - ANSWER-Contain only only carbon-to-carbon single bonds. The most chemically inert of all organic compounds. 
 
Unsaturated Hydrocarbon - ANSW...
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Add to cartOrganic Chemistry - ANSWER-The branch of chemistry which deals with carbon compounds, including those with no relationship to life. 
 
Saturated Hydrocarbon - ANSWER-Contain only only carbon-to-carbon single bonds. The most chemically inert of all organic compounds. 
 
Unsaturated Hydrocarbon - ANSW...
What is empirical formula? - ANSWER-Simplest whole number ratio of atoms of each element in a compound 
 
What is molecular formula? - ANSWER-Actual number of atoms of each element in a compound. 
 
What is general formula? - ANSWER-Algebraic formula for a homologous series 
 
What is structural for...
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Add to cartWhat is empirical formula? - ANSWER-Simplest whole number ratio of atoms of each element in a compound 
 
What is molecular formula? - ANSWER-Actual number of atoms of each element in a compound. 
 
What is general formula? - ANSWER-Algebraic formula for a homologous series 
 
What is structural for...
Homologous series - ANSWER-A series of organic compounds that have the same general formula, similar chemical reactions. 
 
Hydrocarbon - ANSWER-A compound containing only the elements hydrogen and carbon 
 
Saturated - ANSWER-An organic compound in which all the bonds are single bonds 
 
Unsaturate...
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Add to cartHomologous series - ANSWER-A series of organic compounds that have the same general formula, similar chemical reactions. 
 
Hydrocarbon - ANSWER-A compound containing only the elements hydrogen and carbon 
 
Saturated - ANSWER-An organic compound in which all the bonds are single bonds 
 
Unsaturate...
Alkanes - ANSWER-suffix "ane" 
single bonded hydrocarbons 
saturated 
non-polar 
london forces 
 
Alkenes - ANSWER-suffix "ene" 
at least one double bond 
unsaturated 
non-polar 
london forces 
 
Alkynes - ANSWER-suffix "yne" 
at least one triple bond 
unsaturated 
non-polar ...
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Add to cartAlkanes - ANSWER-suffix "ane" 
single bonded hydrocarbons 
saturated 
non-polar 
london forces 
 
Alkenes - ANSWER-suffix "ene" 
at least one double bond 
unsaturated 
non-polar 
london forces 
 
Alkynes - ANSWER-suffix "yne" 
at least one triple bond 
unsaturated 
non-polar ...
Chemical formula for alkane - ANSWER-Cn H2n+2 
 
Chemical formula for alkene - ANSWER-Cn H2n 
 
What is a molecular formula? - ANSWER-Shows the number of atoms of each element present in the molecule 
 
What is the structural formula? - ANSWER-It shows how the atoms are joined together in a molecule...
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Add to cartChemical formula for alkane - ANSWER-Cn H2n+2 
 
Chemical formula for alkene - ANSWER-Cn H2n 
 
What is a molecular formula? - ANSWER-Shows the number of atoms of each element present in the molecule 
 
What is the structural formula? - ANSWER-It shows how the atoms are joined together in a molecule...
Lewis Acid - ANSWER-Any species that can accept electrons 
 
Polar-Covalent Bond - ANSWER-A bond between two atoms differing in electronegativity by 0.5 - 2 
 
Hydrophillic - ANSWER-A term used to describe a "water loving" species 
 
Bronsted-Lowry Acid - ANSWER-A compound that can donate a pr...
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Add to cartLewis Acid - ANSWER-Any species that can accept electrons 
 
Polar-Covalent Bond - ANSWER-A bond between two atoms differing in electronegativity by 0.5 - 2 
 
Hydrophillic - ANSWER-A term used to describe a "water loving" species 
 
Bronsted-Lowry Acid - ANSWER-A compound that can donate a pr...
definition homologous series - ANSWER-The members of a series of organic compounds which differ from one another in the number of carbon atoms they contain 
 
definition functional group - ANSWER-A small group of atoms attached to a carbon atom in a molecule, giving characteristic properties to the ...
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Add to cartdefinition homologous series - ANSWER-The members of a series of organic compounds which differ from one another in the number of carbon atoms they contain 
 
definition functional group - ANSWER-A small group of atoms attached to a carbon atom in a molecule, giving characteristic properties to the ...
Alkanes - ANSWER-A homologous series of saturated hydrocarbons made of C-H and C-C single bonds 
 
Alkenes - ANSWER-A homologous series of unsaturated hydrocarbons containing one C=C double bond 
 
Alkynes - ANSWER-A homologous series of unsaturated hydrocarbons with one C to C triple bond 
 
Haloal...
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Add to cartAlkanes - ANSWER-A homologous series of saturated hydrocarbons made of C-H and C-C single bonds 
 
Alkenes - ANSWER-A homologous series of unsaturated hydrocarbons containing one C=C double bond 
 
Alkynes - ANSWER-A homologous series of unsaturated hydrocarbons with one C to C triple bond 
 
Haloal...
Homologous series - ANSWER-Follows a regular pattern and have the same general molecular formula and differ only by the addition of -CH2- groups 
 
Alkane - ANSWER-CnH2n+2 
 
Alkene - ANSWER-CnH2n 
 
Alcohol - ANSWER-R-OH 
 
Aldehyde - ANSWER-R-CHO 
 
Carboxylic acid - ANSWER-R-COOH 
 
Ketone - ANSW...
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Add to cartHomologous series - ANSWER-Follows a regular pattern and have the same general molecular formula and differ only by the addition of -CH2- groups 
 
Alkane - ANSWER-CnH2n+2 
 
Alkene - ANSWER-CnH2n 
 
Alcohol - ANSWER-R-OH 
 
Aldehyde - ANSWER-R-CHO 
 
Carboxylic acid - ANSWER-R-COOH 
 
Ketone - ANSW...
Organic chemistry - ANSWER-Organic chemistry is the study of carbon compounds, and specifically compounds containing the C-H bond. 
 
Catenation - ANSWER-The property of carbon where carbon atoms can join together to form chains and rings. 
 
Alkanes - ANSWER-A homologous series; Family of hydrocarb...
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Add to cartOrganic chemistry - ANSWER-Organic chemistry is the study of carbon compounds, and specifically compounds containing the C-H bond. 
 
Catenation - ANSWER-The property of carbon where carbon atoms can join together to form chains and rings. 
 
Alkanes - ANSWER-A homologous series; Family of hydrocarb...
Hydrocarbon - ANSWER-Any compound that contains only hydrogen and carbon atoms 
 
Alkanes - ANSWER-Simple type of hydrocarbon. Have C-C single bond. Saturated compounds from the homologous series 
 
Alkanes Formula - ANSWER-C(n)H(2n+2) 
 
Alkanes List - ANSWER-Methane - CH4, Ethane - C2H6, Propane -...
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Add to cartHydrocarbon - ANSWER-Any compound that contains only hydrogen and carbon atoms 
 
Alkanes - ANSWER-Simple type of hydrocarbon. Have C-C single bond. Saturated compounds from the homologous series 
 
Alkanes Formula - ANSWER-C(n)H(2n+2) 
 
Alkanes List - ANSWER-Methane - CH4, Ethane - C2H6, Propane -...
Empirical Formula - ANSWER-The lowest whole # ratio of atoms in a compound 
 
Molecular Formula - ANSWER-The actual number of atoms in a compound 
 
Functional Group - ANSWER--An atom or group of atoms (other than hydrogen) 
-Impacts specific physical and chemical properties of a homologous series ...
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Add to cartEmpirical Formula - ANSWER-The lowest whole # ratio of atoms in a compound 
 
Molecular Formula - ANSWER-The actual number of atoms in a compound 
 
Functional Group - ANSWER--An atom or group of atoms (other than hydrogen) 
-Impacts specific physical and chemical properties of a homologous series ...
Organic chemistry - ANSWER-chemistry of carbon compounds that contain primarily carbon & hydrogen 
 
Organic compounds - ANSWER-contain carbon, usually hydrogen & maybe O, S, N, Cl, Br, F, I 
 
# of bonds carbon has - ANSWER-4 
 
Organic compound properties - ANSWER-Nonpolar, weak RxNs b/t molecs, l...
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Add to cartOrganic chemistry - ANSWER-chemistry of carbon compounds that contain primarily carbon & hydrogen 
 
Organic compounds - ANSWER-contain carbon, usually hydrogen & maybe O, S, N, Cl, Br, F, I 
 
# of bonds carbon has - ANSWER-4 
 
Organic compound properties - ANSWER-Nonpolar, weak RxNs b/t molecs, l...
Do you understand why there are so many organic compounds - ANSWER-(1) Catenation—carbon can bond to other carbon atoms in combination with other atoms like hydrogen and halogens, forming long chains and cycles 
(2) Carbon can form multiple bonds 
(3) Carbon can form bonds with many other elements...
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Add to cartDo you understand why there are so many organic compounds - ANSWER-(1) Catenation—carbon can bond to other carbon atoms in combination with other atoms like hydrogen and halogens, forming long chains and cycles 
(2) Carbon can form multiple bonds 
(3) Carbon can form bonds with many other elements...
Organic Chemistry - ANSWER-Chem of composition containing carbon and usually H,O, & N. 
 
How do we study the compounds? - ANSWER-by Family or file 
 
Hyrdrocarbon - ANSWER-A compound that contains only the elements hydrogen and carbon 
 
Alkane - ANSWER-A CLASS OF HYDROCARBONS THAT HAS ONLY SINGLE ...
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Add to cartOrganic Chemistry - ANSWER-Chem of composition containing carbon and usually H,O, & N. 
 
How do we study the compounds? - ANSWER-by Family or file 
 
Hyrdrocarbon - ANSWER-A compound that contains only the elements hydrogen and carbon 
 
Alkane - ANSWER-A CLASS OF HYDROCARBONS THAT HAS ONLY SINGLE ...
Organic Chemistry - ANSWER-The study of carbon, its structures and reactivity. 
 
Chemical Formula for Alkane - ANSWER-Cn H2n+2 
 
Chemical Formula for Alkene - ANSWER-Cn H2n 
 
Chemical Formula for Alkyne - ANSWER-Cn H2n-2 
 
4 - ANSWER-The number of valence electrons Carbon has (number of bonds it...
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Add to cartOrganic Chemistry - ANSWER-The study of carbon, its structures and reactivity. 
 
Chemical Formula for Alkane - ANSWER-Cn H2n+2 
 
Chemical Formula for Alkene - ANSWER-Cn H2n 
 
Chemical Formula for Alkyne - ANSWER-Cn H2n-2 
 
4 - ANSWER-The number of valence electrons Carbon has (number of bonds it...
Organic Chemistry - ANSWER-The branch of chemistry which deals with carbon compounds, including those with no relationship to life. 
 
Covalent Bond - ANSWER-Inter-atomic relationship created by the sharing of at least one pair of electrons. 
 
Saturated Hydrocarbon - ANSWER-Contain only only carbon...
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Add to cartOrganic Chemistry - ANSWER-The branch of chemistry which deals with carbon compounds, including those with no relationship to life. 
 
Covalent Bond - ANSWER-Inter-atomic relationship created by the sharing of at least one pair of electrons. 
 
Saturated Hydrocarbon - ANSWER-Contain only only carbon...
Alkane - ANSWER-Hydrocarbon with no double bonds 
 
Alkene - ANSWER-Hydrocarbon with one or more double bonds 
 
Fractional distillation - ANSWER-Method of separating liquids by boiling point 
 
Kerosene - ANSWER-One of the fractions of crude oil, used for aircraft fuel 
 
Alcohol - ANSWER-Organic m...
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Add to cartAlkane - ANSWER-Hydrocarbon with no double bonds 
 
Alkene - ANSWER-Hydrocarbon with one or more double bonds 
 
Fractional distillation - ANSWER-Method of separating liquids by boiling point 
 
Kerosene - ANSWER-One of the fractions of crude oil, used for aircraft fuel 
 
Alcohol - ANSWER-Organic m...
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