NU 335 Exam 2 Practice Questions with answers.

The nurse is reviewing the lab tests of four prenatal clients. Which lab finding would support the diagnosis of hyperemesis gravidarum? a. Hypercalcemia. b. Hypokalemia. c. Hyperkalemia. d. Hypocalcemia. correct answers b. Hypokalemia. Rationale: In severe cases, hyperemesis causes dehydration, which leads to fluid-electrolyte imbalance. Severe potassium loss can disrupt cardiac functioning. Potassium loss (hypokalemia), not hyperkalemia, is characteristic of hyperemesis gravidarum. Neither hypercalcemia nor hypocalcemia (low calcium) is characteristic of hyperemesis gravidarum. If a client does not respond to standard home treatment for severe hyperemesis gravidarum, the nurse will anticipate adding which therapy on an outpatient basis? a. Low-fat soft diet. b. Complex carbohydrates with limited liquids. c. IV fluids. d. Total parenteral nutrition. correct answers c. IV fluids. Rationale: If the woman does not respond to standard approaches to the control of nausea and vomiting in pregnancy, she might require intravenous (IV) fluids on an outpatient basis. Total parenteral nutrition would be started only if the client were unresponsive to IV hydration. Lowfat soft diet and complex carbohydrates with limited liquids are progressive diets after the client is stabilized for hyperemesis gravidarum. A client at 30 weeks' gestation is admitted to the maternity unit with vaginal bleeding. What should be the nurse's initial nursing action? a. Count and weigh peripads. b. Start an intravenous infusion drip. c. Assess blood pressure and pulse. d. Observe for pallor, clammy skin, and perspiration. correct answers c. Assess blood pressure and pulse. Rationale: The nurse's initial action for a client with vaginal bleeding at 30 weeks would be to assess blood pressure and pulse. Counting and weighing peripads; observing for pallor, clammy skin, and perspiration; and starting an intravenous infusion drip are all important actions for this client; they are just not the initial action. A prenatal client at 16 weeks' gestation presents to the clinic with unexplained bright red bleeding, cramping, and backache, which she has had for the past two days. A pelvic exam reveals a closed cervix. What type of abortion does this indicate? a. Threatened. b. Incomplete. c. Missed. d. Imminent. correct answers a. Threatened. Rationale: A threatened abortion (miscarriage) has symptoms of vaginal bleeding and backache without cervical dilation. In an imminent abortion, the internal cervical os is dilated. Although