Drone Test 2023 with complete solution;Remote Pilot -
Small Unmanned Aircraft Systems
Weight of a Small Unmanned aircraft
less than 55 pounds
UAS
Unmanned Aircraft System
Visual Observer
a person who is designated by the remote pilot in command to assist the remote pilot in
command and the person manipulating the flight controls of the small UAS to see and
avoid other air traffic or objects aloft or on the ground.
People who can ask for a drone operator's remote pilot certificate
The Administrator
National Transportation Safety Board
Any law enforcement officer (all levels)
Transportation Security Administration
How many days after a drone accident does it need to be reported to the FAA?
10
What constitutes a drone accident?
Serious injury to any person or any loss of consciousness; or damage to any property,
other than the small unmanned aircraft
For property damaged by a drone accident, a report must be filed if the cost of
repair/value of the property exceeds this amount
$500 (both the cost of repair AND the fair market value must exceed $500 to require a
report)
conditions for being able to operate a small UAS
have a license (remote pilot certificate) or
be in direct supervision of someone with a license who can take control at any moment
The one weird exception to be able to fly a drone without a license
"The Administrator may, consistent with international standards, authorize an airman to
operate a civil foreign-registered small unmanned aircraft without an FAA-issued remote
pilot certificate with a small UAS rating."
Condition for safe operation
remote pilot in command must check the small UAS to determine if it is in a safe
condition prior to any flight. If it's not in a safe condition you aren't allowed to fly it
medical condition
if anyone involved in flying the drone has a mental or physical condition that would
interfere with the safe operation of the UAS, they can't be involved at all
if there's an emergency, can you deviate from the rules?
Yes. (to the extent necessary to deal with the situation). also the administrator might
want a report of it
Operation from a moving vehicle or aircraft:
No person may operate a small unmanned aircraft system—
(a) From a moving aircraft; or
(b) From a moving land or water-borne vehicle unless the small unmanned aircraft is
,flown over a sparsely populated area and is not transporting another person's property
for compensation or hire.
is anti-collision lighting required during civil twilight?
Yes. 30 minutes before sunrise - actual sunrise
sunset - 30 minutes after sunset
can you operate/ be the visual observer for more than one UAS?
nope.
right-of-way rules (with other aircraft)
a small UAS must yield the right-of-way to any other aircraft, meaning it may not pass
over, under, or in front of the other aircraft unless well clear
when is it okay to fly over humans?
if the person is directly participating in the operation of the drone, or they are located
under a covered structure
Prohibited airspaces
Class B, C, D, or within the lateral boundaries of Class E (airport) without authorization
from Air Traffic Control
Preflight environmental assessment (4 things)
(1) Local weather conditions;
(2) Local airspace and any flight restrictions;
(3) The location of persons and property on the surface; and
(4) Other ground hazards.
Operating Limitations: Maximum speed
100 mph (87 knots)
Operating Limitations: maximum height
400ft above ground level, unless being flown within a 400 foot radius of a structure, in
which case it may not be more than 400ft higher than the structure
Operating Limitations: minimum flight visibility
3 miles
Operating Limitations: minimum distance from clouds
No less than: 500 feet below the cloud and 2,000 feet horizontally from the cloud.
ATC Transponders on Small UAS's
are not allowed
Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast (ADS-B) on Small UAS's
also not allowed
conditions that must be met to have a drone license
1. age 16+
2. know English
3. not have any mental/physical conditions that would interfere with operation
4. pass an aeronautical knowledge test or have a non-student pilot's license
A temporary remote pilot certificate with a small UAS rating expires:
(1) On the expiration date shown on the certificate(120 days);
(2) Upon receipt of the permanent certificate; or
(3) Upon receipt of a notice that the certificate sought is denied or revoked.
time before you can reapply after failing the knowledge test
14 days
, category 1 eligible aircraft (operating over human beings/moving vehicles)
weigh less than .55 pounds. No Means of Compliance or Declaration of Compliance
required
category 2 eligible aircraft (operating over human beings/moving vehicles)
must not cause injury to a human being that is equivalent to or greater than the severity
of injury caused by a transfer of 11 foot-pounds of kinetic energy
category 3 eligible aircraft (operating over human beings/moving vehicles)
must not cause injury to a human being that is equivalent to or greater than the severity
of injury caused by a transfer of 25 foot-pounds of kinetic energy
category 4 eligible aircraft (operating over human beings/moving vehicles)
must have an airworthiness certificate, operation limitations must not prohibit operating
over human beings
conditions to fly over moving vehicles
Categories 1-3: must remain within a closed or restricted access area; all humans must
know that a drone may fly over them, OR must not maintain sustained flight over
moving vehicles
Category 4: must have an airworthiness certificate
Waivers
the Administrator can issue a waiver for deviations to any of the rules. The request for
the waiver must include an explanation of the deviation and justification for it.
which regulations are subject to waiver?
basically everything except if someone pays you to move their possessions
The code of federal regulations (part 107/ first link of chapter 1) does not apply if all of
these conditions are met:
1. aircraft is only used recreationally
2. operated within a community-based organization
3. weighs less than 55 lbs
4. gives way to manned aircraft
5. notifies ATC when near an airport
6. capable of sustained flight (duh)
7. only flown within visual line of sight of operator
Model Aircraft
An Unmanned Aircraft (UA) that is capable of sustained flight in the atmosphere; flown
within visual line-of-sight (VLOS) of the person operating the aircraft; and flown for
hobby or recreational purposes.
AC
Advisory Circular (supplementary document to part 107/CFR)
ACR
Airman Certification Representative
AGR
Above Ground Level
ATC
Air Traffic Control
CFI
Certificated Flight Instructor
CFR
Small Unmanned Aircraft Systems
Weight of a Small Unmanned aircraft
less than 55 pounds
UAS
Unmanned Aircraft System
Visual Observer
a person who is designated by the remote pilot in command to assist the remote pilot in
command and the person manipulating the flight controls of the small UAS to see and
avoid other air traffic or objects aloft or on the ground.
People who can ask for a drone operator's remote pilot certificate
The Administrator
National Transportation Safety Board
Any law enforcement officer (all levels)
Transportation Security Administration
How many days after a drone accident does it need to be reported to the FAA?
10
What constitutes a drone accident?
Serious injury to any person or any loss of consciousness; or damage to any property,
other than the small unmanned aircraft
For property damaged by a drone accident, a report must be filed if the cost of
repair/value of the property exceeds this amount
$500 (both the cost of repair AND the fair market value must exceed $500 to require a
report)
conditions for being able to operate a small UAS
have a license (remote pilot certificate) or
be in direct supervision of someone with a license who can take control at any moment
The one weird exception to be able to fly a drone without a license
"The Administrator may, consistent with international standards, authorize an airman to
operate a civil foreign-registered small unmanned aircraft without an FAA-issued remote
pilot certificate with a small UAS rating."
Condition for safe operation
remote pilot in command must check the small UAS to determine if it is in a safe
condition prior to any flight. If it's not in a safe condition you aren't allowed to fly it
medical condition
if anyone involved in flying the drone has a mental or physical condition that would
interfere with the safe operation of the UAS, they can't be involved at all
if there's an emergency, can you deviate from the rules?
Yes. (to the extent necessary to deal with the situation). also the administrator might
want a report of it
Operation from a moving vehicle or aircraft:
No person may operate a small unmanned aircraft system—
(a) From a moving aircraft; or
(b) From a moving land or water-borne vehicle unless the small unmanned aircraft is
,flown over a sparsely populated area and is not transporting another person's property
for compensation or hire.
is anti-collision lighting required during civil twilight?
Yes. 30 minutes before sunrise - actual sunrise
sunset - 30 minutes after sunset
can you operate/ be the visual observer for more than one UAS?
nope.
right-of-way rules (with other aircraft)
a small UAS must yield the right-of-way to any other aircraft, meaning it may not pass
over, under, or in front of the other aircraft unless well clear
when is it okay to fly over humans?
if the person is directly participating in the operation of the drone, or they are located
under a covered structure
Prohibited airspaces
Class B, C, D, or within the lateral boundaries of Class E (airport) without authorization
from Air Traffic Control
Preflight environmental assessment (4 things)
(1) Local weather conditions;
(2) Local airspace and any flight restrictions;
(3) The location of persons and property on the surface; and
(4) Other ground hazards.
Operating Limitations: Maximum speed
100 mph (87 knots)
Operating Limitations: maximum height
400ft above ground level, unless being flown within a 400 foot radius of a structure, in
which case it may not be more than 400ft higher than the structure
Operating Limitations: minimum flight visibility
3 miles
Operating Limitations: minimum distance from clouds
No less than: 500 feet below the cloud and 2,000 feet horizontally from the cloud.
ATC Transponders on Small UAS's
are not allowed
Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast (ADS-B) on Small UAS's
also not allowed
conditions that must be met to have a drone license
1. age 16+
2. know English
3. not have any mental/physical conditions that would interfere with operation
4. pass an aeronautical knowledge test or have a non-student pilot's license
A temporary remote pilot certificate with a small UAS rating expires:
(1) On the expiration date shown on the certificate(120 days);
(2) Upon receipt of the permanent certificate; or
(3) Upon receipt of a notice that the certificate sought is denied or revoked.
time before you can reapply after failing the knowledge test
14 days
, category 1 eligible aircraft (operating over human beings/moving vehicles)
weigh less than .55 pounds. No Means of Compliance or Declaration of Compliance
required
category 2 eligible aircraft (operating over human beings/moving vehicles)
must not cause injury to a human being that is equivalent to or greater than the severity
of injury caused by a transfer of 11 foot-pounds of kinetic energy
category 3 eligible aircraft (operating over human beings/moving vehicles)
must not cause injury to a human being that is equivalent to or greater than the severity
of injury caused by a transfer of 25 foot-pounds of kinetic energy
category 4 eligible aircraft (operating over human beings/moving vehicles)
must have an airworthiness certificate, operation limitations must not prohibit operating
over human beings
conditions to fly over moving vehicles
Categories 1-3: must remain within a closed or restricted access area; all humans must
know that a drone may fly over them, OR must not maintain sustained flight over
moving vehicles
Category 4: must have an airworthiness certificate
Waivers
the Administrator can issue a waiver for deviations to any of the rules. The request for
the waiver must include an explanation of the deviation and justification for it.
which regulations are subject to waiver?
basically everything except if someone pays you to move their possessions
The code of federal regulations (part 107/ first link of chapter 1) does not apply if all of
these conditions are met:
1. aircraft is only used recreationally
2. operated within a community-based organization
3. weighs less than 55 lbs
4. gives way to manned aircraft
5. notifies ATC when near an airport
6. capable of sustained flight (duh)
7. only flown within visual line of sight of operator
Model Aircraft
An Unmanned Aircraft (UA) that is capable of sustained flight in the atmosphere; flown
within visual line-of-sight (VLOS) of the person operating the aircraft; and flown for
hobby or recreational purposes.
AC
Advisory Circular (supplementary document to part 107/CFR)
ACR
Airman Certification Representative
AGR
Above Ground Level
ATC
Air Traffic Control
CFI
Certificated Flight Instructor
CFR
