PRAXIS 5206|UPDATED&VERIFIED|100% SOLVED|GUARANTEED SUCCESS

4 stages of reading development Emergent reading Early reading Transitional reading Fluent reading Emergent reading Readers develop pre-reading behaviors and understand concepts of print Early reading Begin using a combination of reading strategies and cueing systems to decode and comprehend texts Transitional reading Use a wide range of reading strategies to support comprehension and have rapid word recognition Fluent reading Readers read a wide range of complex texts with confidence at the independent level Phonological awareness skills Rhyming Alliteration Onset and rime manipulation Phonemic awareness skills Blending Segmenting Manipulating phonemes within words Cueing systems Graphophonic Syntactic Semantic Instructional strategies for emergent readers Read-alouds Model making predictions, print concepts, retelling, etc. Print-rich environments Plan explicit instruction Provide opportunities to practice forming both capital and lowercase letters Instructional strategies for early reading Frequent reading and re-reading of favorite books Model reading strategies Explicit and individualized phonics instruction Read varied text types and genres Instructional strategies for transitional readers Teach text structure Teach morphology - recognizing affixes and roots Reread texts for meaningful purposes Practice comprehension strategies Support responses with text evidence Instructional strategies for fluent reading Activate prior knowledge Use higher levels of comprehension Model word analysis skills Social knowledge Knowledge about social conventions that is passed down within the members of a community (manners, expected behaviors, etc) Procedural knowledge Knowledge applied to carry out procedural tasks (solving a complex math problem using multi step algorithm) Physical knowledge Knowledge learned by observing the features of something (students discussing the physical features of rock samples) Domain knowledge Knowledge and skills used by experts in a particular field (student explaining how they solved a division problem using domain specific terms I.e. dividend, divisor, and quotient) Empirical knowledge Knowledge obtained from specific science experimentation and data collection (determining boiling points of different liquids) Academic literacy The knowledge and skills necessary to communicate effectively in academic situations Academic reading Thoughtful reading that includes analyzing texts as part of a content area study Components of fluency Rate Accuracy Prosody Rate Reading speed (important for comprehension) Accuracy Decoding words correctly and without error Prosody Reading expression, including phrasing and intonation Rapid word recognition and automaticity Quick, effortless, and accurate recognition of individual words when reading Onsets Initial consonants or consonant blends in syllables Rimes The vowel and remaining consonants I.e. 'star' Onset /st/ Rimes /ar/ Phonological awareness refers to the ability to identify and manipulate sounds in spoken language At the word, syllable, or phoneme level Activities: Rhyming Alliteration Breaking words into syllables Identifying onsets and rimes Blending and segmenting ... Phonemic awareness One specific component of phonological awareness that focuses on the ability to identify and manipulate sounds of the phoneme level ONLY It is the most advanced component of phonological awareness Phoneme isolation Ability to identify specific phonemes Phoneme identification Identifying the common sound in a list of words Phoneme characterization Identifying words that do not belong in a group of words with common beginning, middle, or end Blending Identifying the whole word formed by putting phonemes together