NUR403 Quiz Questions with Correct Answers

Scholarship - Creation of new knowledge Four Types of Scholarship - 1. Teaching: education (patient/nurse/student) 2. Integration: taking what you've learned into practice 3. Application: the use of scholarship 4. Discovery: creating of new information Characteristics of a scholar - * constant pursuit of new knowledge * inquiry/curiousity * Ethical: rights as individuals Scholarly work vs. Scholarship - Scholarly work is: peer-reviewed, publicly disseminated, data is collected. Scholarship: think research presentation Do all nurses as members of a practice based profession take part in generating scholarship? - Yes. Important/obligation for quality patient care. Going back to the evidence to develop policies and procedures Asking question: what is the rationale? How can you become a scholar? - By actively engaging in research, reviewing literature, attending conferences. How can new nurses use and generate research in the future? - Preparation: policies/procedures Utilize CNE, collaborate, Evidence based practice Define research - A systematic inquiry that uses rigorous methods to answer questions or solve problems- it is trustworthy Goal of research - to develop, refine, and expand knowledge nursing research - is designed to develop evidence about issues important to various stakeholders clinical nursing research - research designed to guide nursing practice; typically begins with questions stemming from practice problems and contributes to the well being and QOL of patients basic research - seeks to extend the knowledge base and a discipline applied research - focuses on finding solutions to issues in nursing practice Sources of Evidence for Nursing Practice - tradition authority clinical experience logical reasoning assembled information disciplined research trial and error intuition What is a paradigm? - A way of looking at natural phenomena that encompasses a set of philosophical assumptions and that guides one's approach to inquiry. What are the research paradigms? - 1. Positivist/post positivist: there is a reality to be studied 2. Naturalistic (constructivist): reality is not fixed, exists within a context. What are the basic assumptions/beliefs of Positivist/ Post positivist and Naturalistic Paradigms? - * There is a reality out there than can be studied and known. * nature is ordered and regular and an objective reality exists independent of human observation. Ultimate goal of gaining understanding the paradigms? - both seek to capture the truth about an aspect of the world in which they are interested. Both can make significant mutually beneficial contributions to nursing. Empirical evidence of the paradigms - Both gather and analyze evidence through their senses. Neither researcher are armchair analysts relying on their own beliefs to generate knowledge. Reliance on human cooperation in the paradigms - the need for human operation is essential. Researchers must encourage them to participate in research to act and speak openly. Ethical constraints - research is guided by ethical principles that may compete with the goals of the inquiry. Fallibility of Research - virtually all studies have limitations. Every question can be addressed in many different ways, thus there are trade-offs. No single study can ever definitively answer a research question. Each study adds to a a body of accumulating evidence. What are the types of research that align with each of the paradigms? - Quantitative: positivist Qualitative: naturalistic Selection of appropriate method depends on what? - Nature of the research question and the researchers worldview and training. Quantitative Research - collection and analysis of numeric information; scientific method which is controlled and systematic; empirical evidence Qualitative research - Understanding of the human experience; collection and analysis of subjective matter; uses flexible procedures in the field; lived experiences. Is there one paradigm or multiple in nursing research? - In a discipline that deals with human beings, it is not feasible that only one theory should explain, describe, predict and change all the disciplines phenomenally. Paradigm plurality - the different perspectives complement knowledge developed from another. Pragmatic Approach - could stimulate inquiry that complements one paradigm with another.