NURS 572 EXAM 1 Questions with Complete
Solutions
Affinity Correct Answer-The strength of attraction between a drug and
its receptor, drugs with high affinity are strongly attracted to their
receptor, drugs with low affinity are weakly contracted. This affinity is
reflected in its potency, high affinity is very potent
Plateau or steady state Correct Answer-When the amount of drug
eliminated between doses equals the dose administered, average drug
levels will remain constant and plateau will have been reached.
Repeated doses of equal size cause the drug to increase in body until
plateau or steady-state is obtained; plateau is reached in 4 half lives
First-pass effect Correct Answer-rapid inactivation of certain oral drugs
by the liver; if the liver can metabolize the drug quickly it is rendered
inactive with no effect
therapeutic objective of drug therapy Correct Answer-to provide
maximum benefit with minimum harm
drug absorption Correct Answer-movement of a drug from its site of
administration into the blood
Rate is influenced by chemical and physical properties and rate of
dissolution, surface area, blood flow, lipid solubility, and pH partitioning
, drug distribution Correct Answer-movement of drugs from blood to
interstitial space in tissue and onto the cells; determined by blood flow
to tissues; ability to exit vascular systems, ability to enter cells; blood
flow determines rate of distribution
drug metabolism Correct Answer-chemical or enzymatic alteration of
drug structure
drug excretion Correct Answer-Removal of drugs from the body via
urine, saliva, sweat, saliva, breast milk, expired air
kidney is most important organ for excretion
Loading dose Correct Answer-for drugs with large half-lifes and when
plateau must be achieved more quickly a large initial dose may be
administered
Maintenance doses Correct Answer-when plateau is achieved and needs
to be maintained with smaller doses
Category A drugs Correct Answer-Remote Risk of Fetal Harm:
Controlled studies in women have been done and have failed to
demonstrate a risk of fetal harm during the first trimester, and there is no
evidence of risk in later trimesters
Solutions
Affinity Correct Answer-The strength of attraction between a drug and
its receptor, drugs with high affinity are strongly attracted to their
receptor, drugs with low affinity are weakly contracted. This affinity is
reflected in its potency, high affinity is very potent
Plateau or steady state Correct Answer-When the amount of drug
eliminated between doses equals the dose administered, average drug
levels will remain constant and plateau will have been reached.
Repeated doses of equal size cause the drug to increase in body until
plateau or steady-state is obtained; plateau is reached in 4 half lives
First-pass effect Correct Answer-rapid inactivation of certain oral drugs
by the liver; if the liver can metabolize the drug quickly it is rendered
inactive with no effect
therapeutic objective of drug therapy Correct Answer-to provide
maximum benefit with minimum harm
drug absorption Correct Answer-movement of a drug from its site of
administration into the blood
Rate is influenced by chemical and physical properties and rate of
dissolution, surface area, blood flow, lipid solubility, and pH partitioning
, drug distribution Correct Answer-movement of drugs from blood to
interstitial space in tissue and onto the cells; determined by blood flow
to tissues; ability to exit vascular systems, ability to enter cells; blood
flow determines rate of distribution
drug metabolism Correct Answer-chemical or enzymatic alteration of
drug structure
drug excretion Correct Answer-Removal of drugs from the body via
urine, saliva, sweat, saliva, breast milk, expired air
kidney is most important organ for excretion
Loading dose Correct Answer-for drugs with large half-lifes and when
plateau must be achieved more quickly a large initial dose may be
administered
Maintenance doses Correct Answer-when plateau is achieved and needs
to be maintained with smaller doses
Category A drugs Correct Answer-Remote Risk of Fetal Harm:
Controlled studies in women have been done and have failed to
demonstrate a risk of fetal harm during the first trimester, and there is no
evidence of risk in later trimesters
