SHC Chapter 6 Reading Quiz Practice Questions Guide With Correct Answers.

The velopharyngeal mechanism plays a critical role in controlling how a voiced sound is propagated through - correct answer oral & nasal cavities In the first question, the term "propagated" means any of the following except - correct answer sourced The velopharyngeal mechanism is that controls the velopharyngeal port. - correct answer a 3-D dynamic unit During production of oral consonants, the structure that moves in a superoposterior direction and articulates with the posterior pharyngeal wall is the - correct answer soft palate (velum) The lateral and posterior pharyngeal walls (e.g., superior pharyngeal constrictor) tend to constrict during - correct answer swallowing Two muscles that play a role in VP function lie within the - correct answer anterior & posterior faucial pillars For most people, this structure begins to atrophy (waste away) at approximately 9-11years of age and continues to atrophy into adulthood - correct answer adenoid pad The most important muscle for VP closure contracts to move the soft palate in a superoposterior direction, called the - correct answer levator veli palatini (LVP) Except in cases of cleft palate, during speech production how much exertion is required from the levator veli palatini? - correct answer minimal When repairing a cleft palate, a surgeon may dissect the LVP muscle and attempt to create this structure to increase the chance for velopharyngeal closure. - correct answer levator sling Although not playing a significant role in speech, by opening the Eustachian tube this muscle is crucial to middle ear function: - correct answer tensor veli palatini (TVP) When/if the superior pharyngeal constrictor displaces the lateral pharyngeal walls medially for speech, it usually is localized to - correct answer Passavant's pad The muscles that act as antagonists to the levator veli palatini and allow for greater control of movement are the - correct answer palatoglossus & palatopharyngeus During speech production, this structure extends to a greater length then when at rest. - correct answer soft palate (velum) If they undergo an adenoidectomy, children with typical anatomy dramatically increase - correct answer velar stretch The most common pattern of velopharyngeal closure is - correct answer coronal Which pattern of velopharyngeal closure is represented by this image? - correct answer coronal If there is a velopharyngeal "gap" caused by inadequate closure, we will have aerodynamic (air flow) nasal emission that is - correct answer audible or inaudible Acoustically, if there is a velopharyngeal gap, we perceive that as - correct answer hypernasality When the mouth is open and the tongue is low in the oral cavity, the oral acoustic impedance is considered low, because of this the velopharyngeal gap may have - correct answer less impact on nasality When the tongue is higher in the oral cavity and the mouth is "closer", this must be achieved to avoid hypernasality. - correct answer VP closure Indicators of submucous cleft palate include all of the following except: - correct answer posterior nasal spine When producing the vowel /ɑ/, two factors are in play. Velar elevation (a), and VP closure (b). - correct answer (a) is at its least extent, (b) may not occur The greatest degree of pharyngeal wall displacement likely occurs - correct answer above the oral view When doing an oral examination, you observe that the soft palate deviates to the person's right side, indicating that this side is stronger. - correct answer right Difficulty valving the velopharyngeal (VP) sphincter during speech is referred to as - correct answer velopharyngeal dysfunction Intervention for velopharyngeal dysfunction should only be pursued if it is perceived to be - correct answer a speech problem The role of imaging is to - correct answer supplement perception In English, the velum is lowered and the VP port is open during production of - correct answer nasals /m, n, ŋ/ For oral sounds, the levator veli palatini (LVP) contracts (remember muscles can only contract), causing the velum to - correct answer retract & elevate With the complete separation of the oral and nasal cavities, you can impound oral (a) and produce high pressure phonemes (b). - correct answer (a) air pressure, (b) /p, b, t, d, s, t͡ʃ/ The perception of excessive nasal resonance during vowels and some voiced consonants is referred to as - correct answer hypernasality Productions that are particularly vulnerable to effects of VPD include all of the following except: - correct answer nasals /m, n, ŋ/ When an obstruction is present in the nasopharyngeal airway (enlarged tonsils/adenoids, a cold/upper respiratory infection), this may be perceived: - correct answer hyponasality A commonly-used imaging method that provides images of the extent and timing of VP movements during continuous speech production is referred to as - correct answer multiview videofluoroscopy With MVF, clinicians observe and estimate all of the following except: - correct answer adenoid pad movement during swallow Standard practice for collecting MVF views is to obtain - correct answer multiple views & angles Manually inserting a flexible fiberoptic endoscope camera into the nasal cavity that shows the VP port is called - correct answer nasopharyngoscopy NASO reveals information about all of the following except: - correct answer length of palate during speech An imaging method that is especially valuable for showing vocal tract anatomy and muscle morphology is - correct answer magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) Individuals with VPD are at risk for - correct answer articulation disorders Connected speech tasks (5min conversation, count 1-20, recite days of week) tend to present the person's - correct answer natural speech Repeating single words to emphasize one high pressure consonant at a time allows for observation of all of the following except: - correct answer lateral multiview videofluouroscopy Repeating single words to emphasize one nasal consonant at a time allows for observation of all of the following except: - correct answer nasal air emission Using a dental mirror placed under the nostrils (nares) on production of CV syllables with pressure consonants and a combination of high & low vowels is a method for evaluating - correct answer nasal strings Fogging viewed on a nasal mirror during production of the following CV items suggests: - correct answer [titititi] VP dysfunction [mɑmɑmɑ] expected VP [kukukuku] VP dysfunction [nononono] expected VP [sisisisi] VP dysfunction When hypernasality, weak oral pressure, and audible nasal emission are produced when the sounds are correct in place and manner, this may be warranted. - correct answer VPD imaging Maladaptive compensatory errors commonly encountered among people with VPD include all of the following except; - correct answer syllable reduction MVF may be preferred for people with developmental delays and limited communication skills because it is compared with an endoscope. - correct answer noninva