These notes outline the various bodily systems and circulations that allow us to function everyday. Additionally, the hormone, digestive, and nervous systems are described and detailed. Explains how nutrients are transported and stored in the body.
● Cells - the smallest units in which independent life can exist
○ Depend on one another
○ Basic needs (energy, oxygen, and water)
● Cells die at varying rates
Genes Control Functions:
● Direct production of proteins such as enzymes and structural proteins.
● Provide instruction for strictional components of cells
● Affects the way the body handles nutrients
● Gene variations
○ Inborn error of metabolism: genetic variation present from birth that can
result in disease.
● Phenylketonuria (PKU) - inborn error of metabolism that interferes the digestion
of proteins.
Cells, Tissues, Organs, and Systems:
● Cells are organized into tissues that perform specialized tasks.
● Tissues are grouped together to form organs.
, ● Organs work together as part of a body system.
Body Fluids and Circulatory Systems:
● Body fluids
○ Supply energy, oxygen, nutrients, and water to tissues.
● Circulating fluids
○ Blood
○ Travels within arteries, veins, capillaries
○ Plasma - cell free
● Lymph
○ Fluid that moves from the bloodstream into tissue and then into the
vessels.
○ Think Fat.
● Aorta
○ Channels blood from the heart to tissue
● Lungs
○ Oxygenate blood, remove co2 from blood, and return to the heart.
● Heart
○ Right side pumps blood to the lungs and the left side pumps oxygenated
blood to the body.
● Liver
○ Filters toxins from blood, stores, transforms, and mobilizes nutrients.
● Intestines
○ Absorbs nutrients
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