Neuroanatomy of Cerebral Hemispheres Exam Bundle Graded A+

Subdivisions of the Nervous System (2) - ANSWER-Central Nervous System (CNS) Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) PNS (4) - ANSWER-Cranial nerves and ganglia Spinal nerves and dorsal root ganglia Sympathetic and parasympathetics nerves and ganglia Enteric nervous system CNS (2) - ANSWER-B...

What are the 3 main divisions of the brain? - ANSWER-1. Forebrain 2. Midbrain 3. Hindbrain What are the two divisions of the forebrain? - ANSWER-Telencephalon & Diencephalon What is the Diencephalon? - ANSWER--Division of the forebrain -Located between telencephalon and mesencephalon (mi...

How many neurons in the nervous system How many points of communication - ANSWER-100 billion 1 trillion What are the 3 basic purposes of the nervous system? - ANSWER-1. Receive sensory input from internal environment (autonomic nervous system work) and external environment (Sensory-somatic ...

longitudinal fissure - ANSWER-separates cerebral hemispheres lateral fissure - ANSWER-the fissure that separates the temporal lobe from the overlying frontal and parietal lobes transverse fissure - ANSWER-separates cerebrum from cerebellum central sulcus - ANSWER-separates frontal and parie...

Middle pons to hypothalamus - ANSWER-How far does the reticular formation stretch? Arousal and attention - ANSWER-How to define consciousness Reticular formation - ANSWER-Arousal and attention depend on this structure Toxic metabolic disorders - ANSWER-Most common cause of confusional state...

The human brain is composed of what three major parts? - ANSWER-1. cerebrum- cerebral hemispheres 2. brain stem 3. cerebellum What structure provides connections between the cerebral hemispheres and the rest of the nervous system? - ANSWER-fiber bundles called the corpus callosum gray matter...

Which areas are opposite each other in the brain? - ANSWER-Anterior and posterior, dorsal and ventral What is one of the advantages of MRI over CT scanning? - ANSWER-MRI yields a more detailed map of the brain. 1. Which side of the cerebellum is concerned with movements of the right hand? - AN...

Superior/Dorsal - ANSWER-above/back Inferior/Ventral - ANSWER-below/belly Caudal/posterior - ANSWER-towards tail/behind Rostral/Anterior - ANSWER-towards nose/front Lateral - ANSWER-towards the outside, away from midline Midline/Medial - ANSWER-middle/toward midline Ipsilateral - A...

What is the function of the paracentral lobule? - ANSWER-Motor and sensory function of the legs What separates the cerebral hemispheres? - ANSWER-The great longitudinal fissure List the four Brodmann's areas to know and their functions. - ANSWER-1. 1-3 (postcentral gyrus) 2. 4 (precentral gy...

Forebrain - ANSWER-The largest and most complicated region of the brain, including the thalamus, hypothalamus, limbic system, and cerebrum. Cerebrum - ANSWER-divided into L. and R. hemispheres joined by the white matter corpus callosum, which relays information between hemispheres. Outer portion ...

What are the 5 brain lobes? - ANSWER-Occipital Parietal Frontal Piriform Temporal What lobe deals with perception and innervation of visual information? - ANSWER-Occipital Which lobe contains the visual cortex? - ANSWER-Occipital What is the condition characterized by an inability to pe...

Frontal lobe - ANSWER-that part of the cerebral cortex in either hemisphere of the brain lying directly behind the forehead Parietal lobe - ANSWER-that part of the cerebral cortex in either hemisphere of the brain lying below the crown of the head temporal lobe - ANSWER-that part of the cerebr...

Which of the following is true of the cerebral hemispheres of the brain? -The cerebral hemispheres account for about 83% of total brain mass -The longitudinal fissure separates the cerebral hemispheres from the cerebellum. -Nearly the entire surface of the cerebral hemispheres is marked by ele...

the cerebrum develops from what part of the neural tube? - ANSWER-prosencephalon which part of the ventricular system is contained within the cerebrum? - ANSWER-lateral ventricles (I + II) which fissure separates left and right cerebral hemispheres; what does it contain? - ANSWER-longitudinal ...

Cerebral Cortex - ANSWER-The outermost layer of the cerebral hemisphere which is composed of gray matter. Cortices are asymmetrical. Both hemispheres are able to analyze sensory data, perform memory functions, learn new information, form thoughts and make decisions. Left Hemisphere - ANSWER-Seque...

Adult brains have 4 regions - ANSWER-1. cerebrum (broken up into cerebral hemispheres) 2. cerebellum 3. brainstem 4. diencephalon T/F we start off with a neural tube during development which forms primary brain vesicles and secondary brain vesicles and then adult brain structures - ANSWER-true...

Where do most projection fibers travel through - ANSWER-Internal capsule Internal Capsule: Anterior limb - ANSWER-Between caudate and lentiform nucleus has frontopontine fibers running through it Internal Capsule: Genu - ANSWER-The bend of the internal capsule has corticobulbar (voluntary moto...

Neighborhood effects - ANSWER-the effects that lesions in a particular neuroanatomical system have on neighboring regions Central nervous system (CNS) and Peripheral nervous system - ANSWER-What are the two divisions of the human nervous system? Brain and spinal cord - ANSWER-What are the cont...

Anterior AKA - ANSWER-Ventral Anterior AKA Ventral refers to - ANSWER-front of the organism or the belly Posterior AKA - ANSWER-Dorsal Posterior AKA Dorsal refers to - ANSWER-the back of the organism Superior - ANSWER-refers to the direction above Inferior - ANSWER-refers to the direc...

Indicate whether each of the structures list is part of the central nervous system (CNS) or peripheral nervous system (PNS) : Cerebellum, Cerebrum, Spinal Nerve, Brainstem, Spinal cord, and Cranial Nerve - ANSWER-Cerebrum : CNS Cerebellum : CNS Spinal nerve : PNS Brainstem : CNS Spinal cord : CN...

olfactory bulb - ANSWER-sense of smell olfactory tract - ANSWER-relay smell info from olfactory bulb to entorhinal cortex optic nerve, CN II - ANSWER-conducts visual info from retina optic chiasm - ANSWER-Crossing over of optic nerves optic tract - ANSWER-relays visual info from optic ch...

Cerebral hemispheres - ANSWER--two lateral swellings that look like large mouse ears -together they're called the cerebrum Brainstem - ANSWER-Midbrain, pons, & medulla Cerebellum - ANSWER--dorsal roof of the metencephalon, brain region that is attached to the pons -located on base of skull,...

telencephalic hemispheres (cerebral hemispheres) are separated by - ANSWER-longitudinal fissure (aka interhemispheric fissue) what attaches the cerebellum to the posterior aspect of the brainstem? - ANSWER-cerebellar peduncles what area of the brain do some people consider a lobe? - ANSWER-ins...

Cerebrum - ANSWER-- consists of two cerebral hemispheres that are linked by the corpus callosum - the hemispheres have an outer convoluted layer of grey matter- the cerebral cortex - and an inner layer of white matter. -The cerebrum is the integrating center for memory, learning, emotions and othe...

WHAT IS THE MOST CAUDAL PART OF PART IF THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM? - ANSWER-SPINAL CORD WHAT EMBRYONIC BRAIN REGION IS THE PONS DEVELOPED FROM? - ANSWER-METENCEPHALON WHAT NEURAL CELL TYPE IS PURPORTED TO FORM THE SO CALLED "BLOOD BRAIN BARRIER"? - ANSWER-ASTROCYTES WHICH LOBE OF THE BRA...

corpus callosum - ANSWER-a large bundle of neural fibers that connects the left and right hemispheres of the brain to facilitate communication. It is also the largest white matter structure in the brain. splenium - ANSWER-the posterior end of the corpus callosum. genu - ANSWER-the anterior end...

What is CN1 called? - ANSWER-Olfactory What is the function of CN1? - ANSWER-Sense of smell What foramen does CN1 pass through? - ANSWER-Cribiform plate (Ethmoid bone) What is CN2 called? - ANSWER-Optic What is the function of CN2? - ANSWER-Sight What foramen does CN2 pass through? - ...

What are the functions of the left hemisphere of the brain? - ANSWER-CONTROLS RIGHT SIDE OF THE BODY (LOGICAL) --> Sensory stimulus from right side of body --> Motor control of right side of body --> Speech, language, and comprehension --> Analysis and calculations --> ...

the surface area of the cerebral cortex has a complicated folding pattern of ________ and _______ - ANSWER-gyri and sulci _________ are convolutions or folds - ANSWER-gyri ___________ are intervening grooves - ANSWER-sulci term meaning a cleft or deep sulcus - ANSWER-fissure the ________...

CNS - ANSWER-Brain and spinal cord Encased in bone (skull, vertebral column) Descending motor tracts send efferent info (from brain to body) PNS - ANSWER-Nerve tracts that connect the rest of the body to the CNS Encased in soft tissue Ascending sensory tracts send afferent information (fro...

Cerebral hemispheres are parts of the Diencephalon? - ANSWER-False Corpus striatum is part of the Diencephalon? - ANSWER-False Thalamus is part of the Diencephalon? - ANSWER-True Pineal is part of the Diencephalon? - ANSWER-True The neural pathway for discriminative touch and propriocept...

Cerebrum - ANSWER-largest part of the brain, located superiorly & anteriorly in relation to the brainstem Cerebral Hemispheres - ANSWER-Cerebrum consists of 2 _________ (right & left) Falx Cerebri - ANSWER-of the dura mater separates the cerebral hemispheres Telencephalon - ANSWER-embryolog...

What is Systems Neuroscience? - ANSWER-A study investigating groups of neurons that perform a common function and how these cells interact with other body systems What are the parts of the CNS? - ANSWER-Cerebrum, cerebellum, brainstem, and spinal cord The _____ is the most massive part of the ...

What are the 2 divisions of the human nervous system? - ANSWER-1. Central Nervous System (CNS) 2. Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) What 2 elements make up the CNS? - ANSWER-1. Brain 2. Spinal cord What elements make up the PNS? - ANSWER-1. Cranial nerves and ganglia 2. Spinal nerves and dors...

Which neurotransmitter is involved with parasympathetic (postganglionic) functions? - ANSWER-Acetylcholine Which neurotransmitter is involved with sympathetic (postganglionic) functions? - ANSWER-Epinepherine/Norepinephrine Where is the location of the cell bodies of Serotonin? - ANSWER-Midbra...

Cerebral Hemispheres - ANSWER-L&R Sulci - ANSWER-indentations Lateral, longitudinal, central Lateral Sulcus - ANSWER-divides frontal & patients lobes from temporal lobe Longitudinal Sulcus - ANSWER-separates L&R hemispheres Central Sulcus - ANSWER-separates frontal & parietal lobes ...

This system includes the Cerebral Hemispheres, Brainstem, Cerebellum and the Spinal Cord - ANSWER-Central Nervous System What does PNS Stand for? - ANSWER-Peripheral Nervous System This system includes, Nerves (Cranial and Spinal). Its initials? - ANSWER-PNS Ganglia is explained as a - ANSW...

brain - ANSWER-constitutes about one-fiftieth of body weight and weighs about 1400 g in males and 1200 g in females brain - ANSWER-It consists of the major parts: (a) the cerebrum, (b) the diencephalon, (c) brainstem and (d) the cerebellum cerebrum - ANSWER-largest part of the brain cerebru...

corpus callosum - ANSWER-a broad band of nerve fibers joining the two hemispheres of the brain --white matter Hemisphere of the brain - ANSWER-left or right half of the brain Diencephalon - ANSWER-thalamus and hypothalamus Forebrain - ANSWER-The largest and most complicated region of the b...

Ectoderm - ANSWER-Embryonic layer that develops into the skin and nervous system Mesoderm - ANSWER-embryonic layer that develops into muscles, bones and tendons endoderm - ANSWER-embryonic layer that gives rise to gastrointestinal, respiratory, and urinary tracts neuropores - ANSWER-opening...

Ectoderm - ANSWER-Embryonic layer that develops into the skin and nervous system Mesoderm - ANSWER-embryonic layer that develops into muscles, bones and tendons endoderm - ANSWER-embryonic layer that gives rise to gastrointestinal, respiratory, and urinary tracts neuropores - ANSWER-opening...

central nervous system - ANSWER-neurons and glia in the brain and spinal cord peripheral nervous system - ANSWER-carries messages to and from the CNS; neurons and glia outside the CNS proximal (medial) - ANSWER-closer to the midline of the body distal (lateral) - ANSWER-further from the mid...

Forebrain - ANSWER-The largest and most complicated region of the brain, including the thalamus, hippocampus, hypothalamus, limbic system, and cerebrum. limbic system - ANSWER-emotional center of brain that also plays roles in smell, motivation, and memory Thalamus - ANSWER-the brain's sensor...