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Experiment 2Spectrophotometric Determination of Iron in
Multivitamin Tablets
Winter 2021
, Abstract:
UV-VIS spectrophotometer measures the amount of light absorbed in the ultraviolet and visible
regions of the EM. In this experiment, UV-Vis analysis was used to quantitatively determine the
mass of iron in a commercially available vitamin supplement tablet. Unknown samples were
prepared and their absorbance was noted. Using Beer’s law, calibration curves were plotted and
further the concentration of unknowns were calculated.
Theory:
UV-Vis spectrophotometry is a strategy used to quantify light absorbance across the bright and
noticeable scopes of the electromagnetic range. At the point when episode light strikes matter it
can either be absorbed, reflected, or transmitted. The absorbance of radiation in the UV-Vis
range causes nuclear excitation, which alludes to the progress of particles from a low-energy
ground state to an energized/excited state.
Before an atom can change excitation states, it must absorb sufficient levels of radiation for
electrons to move into higher molecular orbits. More limited band gaps commonly correspond to
assimilation of more limited frequencies of light. The energy needed for atoms to go through
these changes, thusly, are electrochemically-explicit or specific. An UV-Vis spectrophotometer
can utilize this standard to evaluate the analyte in an example dependent on their absorption
characteristics.
According to Beer-Lambert Law, the amount of light absorbed is directly proportional to the
concentration of the sample and the distance the light travels through the sample; the path length.
A UV-Vis spectrophotometer measures the intensity of light transmitted through a sample
compared to a reference measurement of the incident light source.
UV-Vis spectrophotometers are therefore able to determine the concentration of specific analytes
in a microvolume by controlling the analysis wavelengths and the path length. [1]
A standard representation of a UV-Vis spectrophotometer, as a simple single beam optical design,
is given below:
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