Class notes

Organic chemistry II

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Course
Organic Chemistry II (CHEM2310)

Institution
University Of Windsor (U Of W )

This document contains all reactions and mechanisms you need for your Organic chemistry II class. From simple protonation to amines and carboxylic acids. First 4 pages include very basics of organic chemistry.

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Uploaded on April 16, 2021
Number of pages 61
Written in 2020/2021
Type Class notes
Professor(s) Simon
Contains All classes

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ORGANIC

CHEMISTRY

, :
Basic c Principles
Heisenberg 's uncertainty -
we cannot determine
exactly
where the e- is .

Orbital -
an allowed state for an e- , e- distribution in space .

l
diff energy levels n Ms me
-

, , .

Pauli end us ion Afb au thud 's
each orbital can
filling with man
multiplicity
hold two e- lowest 121
IF
only energy
orbital T J J
going to
diff rather same

valence e- → no of e
-

in outer
→ Octet
orbital cuz e-
repel
shell rule

Two
ways of attaining noble
gas conf / stability :i÷÷÷÷ :

transfer .÷ . . .. .
.

. .. . ..
.

Formal each molecule has overall f. e
charge formal charge
each atom has
'

a an
,

F. C = V -

( B d) -

Symmetry → non
polar Asymm entry polar
- -

Polarity unequal share of f ft
-

→ e-
Dipole moment →

Sigma bonds
All bonds
•

single are .

BP decreases
-
lo

I IT O > IT
on
branching
E
-

0

lo at

, most
expensive

Acid(Bases Ya"WMowqtgyggfna.im
highest -

. minimal o

or
f-

Ht H
- -

U H O H → -
o -
H t U

higher
-
-
a -

I c. A CB
pka n

stronger Acid Base c. A add Ht n
acid
→

f
CB → remove H "
Ht donor H' acceptor eclipsed
c- acceptor e- donor strength of an acid depends on the

lewis acid lewis base stability of conjugate bas sin:{745:L, X
tIn
Newman
projections
u
n

( Hz M
" "
I / there are a structures in NiP ① eclipsed ② anti eclipsed -

③ Gauche ⑨ staggered less stable
60
.
energy .
more

Tyne
stable
Anetiuipsed Gauche , less
{fo
"
I
steric hindrance
cuz .

chair conformations l
,

anial
straight anvil
upl down equatorial
-
-

I T
'
-
l equitonial
AT
y

a-
it
-
y
I
& trans
in a
conformation ,
there can be cis .

(A. A) E) CE , A) ( A. E)
trans → I cis → Tp
possible → CE ,

Now , out of all possible conformation ,
which one is the most stable & least stable

eg
cis I
tert-butyl u
methyl cyclohexane
-
- - -

→
l I mind
always keep
in
A -
A'
E ,E E,
A PIE
from
-
1,3 dianial
wars js js strain

causes it to be unstable

-
l
it
l ,

, same formula
Isomers diff chemical structure

constitutional connected
IE X
diff way
NE r¥r
"

stereoisomers connected same
way

Isomers

Constitutional stereoisomers
structural
isomers optical

Rotation
di stereo mens -
ers enantiomers
cis than s conformers /

terms
stereochemistry
no of stereoisomers
at 180 to each other
'

anti
.

groups
-

.

of denigrates
at O
'
to each other In → no

syn groups
-
.

boo to each other
gauche
-

eclipsed
-
when all 3 substituents overlap completely wite all 3 subst .

carbon
on the neighboring .

racemic min tone -
a 50 : 50 min tire
of two enantiomers
molecule with chiral centres that makes it achiral
meso
compound -
a but a plane of symmetry .

chiral centre carbon four diff groups
a
asymmetric
-

,

achiral → line
of symmetry
a chiral molecule -
has an enantiomer but no
plane of symmetry .

torsional strain strain that arises from proximity of bonds le ) generally eclipsing
-

in them
-
-
.

enantiomer -
non super imposable mirror images .

nor a
The
t t
in
on trans
1- -
enantiomer di stereo mess

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