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BIOL 1020 and BIOL 1021 - Lecture 17- Fungi -
Assigned Readings in Textbook:
Chapter 34 (section 34.1) – Growth and Nutrition (pages 716 to 721)
Chapter 34 (section 34.2) – Reproduction (pages 720 to 726)
Chapter 34 (section 34.3) – Diversity (pages 726 to 734)
Use the following wireframe outline to make notes on the content presented in Lecture 17
Refer to Chapter 34 in your textbook and the Chapter 34 resources on LaunchPad to supplement
your notes and aid in studying this material
1. What are the fungi?
Diverse and widespread group
Essential for well-being of most terrestrial ecosystems where they break down organic
matter and recycle vital nutrients
2. What are the 3 distinguishing characteristics of the fungi?
(1) Multicellular heterotrophic eukaryotes
(2) Lack internal digestive system
(3) absorb nutrients from outside directly through cell walls
3. What type of digestion do fungi use to get their nutrients?
(a) what problems are created using this type of digestion and how are they solved?
Problem Solution
Cannot access large organic molecules
Secrete variety of enzymes that break down large
1 because they do not cross cells walls /
molecules into forms that can be absorbed easily
membranes
2 Cannot move to search for food Use growth of fungal body to find nourishment
1
, (b) define the following important terms:
Term Definition
Complex carbohydrate that makes up the cell wall
(i) chitin
Fungal body of highly branched filaments
hypha /
(ii)
hyphae
An extensive network formed by hyphae
(iii) mycelium
Earliest fungi lacked cross walls to separate cells
(iv) coenocytic
Later fungal groups gained cross walls that divided hyphae into filaments
(v) septate of connected cells
4. What modes of nutrition do fungi use?
Type Definition Example
- Feed on dead matter
- Earth’s major decomposers
decomposer / - Break down cellulose and lignin
(i) - Perform essential recycling of chemical
saprotroph
elements between living and non- living
world
- Infect living tissues of plants and animals
- 30% of known fungi are parasites
(ii) Parasite - some attack food crops are toxic to humans
- Symbiotic interaction with other organisms Plants
- With plants (mycorrhize)
- With animals
mutualist / - With cyanobacteria Animals
(iii) - Form mutualistic relationships with (leaf cutter ants )
symbiont
photosynthetic microorganisms in lichens
Cyanobacteria
(lichens)
2
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