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Alkenes and Alkynes (OChem)
Introduction to alkenes, alkynes and unsaturated hydrocarbons. Includes a guide on how to name alkenes, alkynes, cyclic molecules and cycloalkanes, as well as tidy drawings and worked examples.
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alkenes and alkynesalkenes Cntlan one double bond exists between two carbons
:
,
when
alkynes cntlan a. When one triple bond exists between two carbons
:
-
unsaturated hydrocarbons :
removing pair of Its causes extra carbon-carbon bonds
a
naming alkenes parent chain must contain the double bond leven if it shortens the chain)
:
-
give the double bond the smallest address .
number written ,
before -
ene a a
' ,
2 ° 4
2 1 S
4 " 4
" gp
but l ene but 2- eye
• 4
diene
3-
methyl penta -113
-
3 ene
- - -
s
, a.
methyl but a-
-
,
Cn Han lif there is one double bond) take 21-1 for each new bond
away
:
naming alkynes same as above yne is suffix more than 1 alkene
:
use
-
, ,
d '
i 2
2
4 2 di tri tetra
. ,
. .. as prefixes
,
y y
#
s '
ethyne
'
3
but b' ut yn3e
3
l
yne a prop
- -
-
-
4,4
dimethyl pent 2-
yne
- -
bromine test bromine water :
has
both and yne have priority when it comes to
numbering alkyl groups orange / brown color becomes clear there
-
-
ene -
over .
-
Ñ both double ! triple bond before
are double /
triple bonds 1bromine disappears )
in compounds a ene comes
yne
-
- -
,
↳ When combined :
4
en
yne 4 6
a
2
-
-
, ,
↳ if there's 5
lower number
plenty .eu?y.ynes
s
a tie ene
gets
-
priority
,
3- ethyl 2-
methyl hex l en 4-
yne
-
-
- -
:
naming cyclic molecules parent name is cyclo alkane
can start at ÷ counterclockwise or clockwise
numbering any carbon
go
-
if there are branches Ñ lowest
give numbers
possible numbers
-
, 1128
' ' 38
to break tie , look subsequent addresses 1st point of difference
-
a at
,
winner chosen at
Ñ six choose best to
come up possible numbering system that start with 1. use in name
12,4 trim
ethyl cyclohexane
-
112,4 1,415 1,215
1. 3.4 11416 1,36 1-
ethyl -2,4 dimethyl cyclopentane
-
located between carbon land 2
cyclo alkenes I
#
always
: #
cntlzn.sn , alkene at carbon
draw 1- evil
1,6
diethyl 3-
methyl cyclohlx
-
- -
4
3
s
6
2
i 3
ethyl as
dimethyl hepta -1,3 diene
- -
-
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