Class notes
BIOL184 Ferns Notes
- Course
- Biology 184 (BIOL184)
- Institution
- University Of Victoria (UVic )
Lecture notes of 4 pages for the course Biology 184 at UVic (BIOL184 Ferns Notes)
[Show more]
Seller
Follow
Content preview
Bio 184 Ferns NotesEarly vascular plants
Lacked roots and leaves
Short i.e. ~15cm
Called polysporangiates because they had more than one sporangium
Tracheophytes – have tracheids
Tracheids – expanded lengthwise when young
Then developed thick secondary cell walls
Produced burst of extremely tough polymer called lignin just before death
Helped spreading more spores and prevent desiccation
Vascular Bundle (bundle of transport fibres) – occurred in central strand
Provided one solution to these problems
Only have primary growth
All these cells are derived from primary growing point or meristem of plant
Secondary meristem evolved that produce rings of tracheids known as ‘wood’
Similar polysporangiate plant fossils – recently found in New Brunswick
400 million years ago
Sporophytes became dominant to and separate from gametophytes
In mosses – gametophytes were dominant
In mosses – sporophyte was nutritionally dependent on gametophyte
450 million years ago
Fungi were tallest organisms on the planet
Fungi had successfully established themselves on land before plants
Broke down rock to liberate minerals and form soils
Initial relationship with plants was parasitic
Co-evolution occurred resulting in a symbiosis
E.g. Rhynia sporophytic cells contained fungal hyphae
Mycorrhizas developed
- i.e. symbiotic relationships with plants
- Fungus supplied nutrients, water and defenses to plant in exchange for
sugars
Example of early vascular plant
Sporophyte – Algaophyton major
Gametophyte – Lyonophyton rhyniensis
Two engineering problems of early plants
1. Spreading spores
hardened cells provided structural support
Allowed greater height and size
Taller plants dispersed spores further
Larger plants had more sporangia and spores
Overall, fitness increased
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller paytonbraun. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for CA$11.05. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
56326 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now