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Fiche généralité cellules
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Fiche sur le cours sur les generalites des cellules en biocellulaire en PASS à l'uB en a partir de mes notes de cours et du cours d'une prépa
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Biologie cellulaireGénéralité sur la cellule
I. Intro et historique
Biocellulaire = science des lois régissant les phénomènes communs aux diverses
unités élémentaires de la matière à l’état vivant.
1665 : Hooke découvre cellule/ 1833 : Brown découvre noyau/ 1838 : Schwann théorie
cellulaire / 1858 : Virchow cellule plus petite portion matière vivante (cf fiches dates imp).
II. La théorie cellulaire
5 points :
● être vivants constitués une ou plusieures cellules
● Toutes cellules provient de la division d’une cellule antérieure
● Cellule = unité de base capable de réaliser des fonctions nécessaires et suffisantes
à sa vie
● Individualité cellulaire
● Renferme l'information génétique nécessaire fonctionnement et reproduction
Cellule = unité structurale, fonctionnelle et reproductrice d’un organisme.
Caractéristiques communes de fonction, composition et organisation.
Organisation défini classification :
● Unicellulaire = protiste
● Pluricellulaire = métaphytes et métazoaires
Composée de : MP (unité cellulaire), cytoplasme, matériel génétique.
Présence ou non de noyau :
● Procaryotes : sans noyau = bactéries
● Eucaryotes : vrai noyau = plantes, cellules humaines
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