Summary
Summary Nazi Germany 1933-45 A level Condensed notes
- Course
- Institution
- Book
Collection of documents used in my History A level including timeline, in depth notes and condensed notes
[Show more]
Connected book
Book Title:
Author(s):
- Edition:
- ISBN:
- Edition:
Connected book
Book Title:
Author(s):
- Edition:
- ISBN:
- Edition:
Seller
Follow
bethanfdavies
Reviews received
Content preview
RecoveryPolicies
- Promised in 1933 to solve unemployment in 4 years
- Government spending to reinflate the economy: public works, subsidies to private firms, rearmament
orders
- Public works schemes, involved public investment, led by the state, 1 billion Reichsmarks were invested
Problems
- Balance of payments deficit: economy recovery led to rising demand for consumer goods, reamend led to
increased demand raw materials
- World protectionism + high value of the mark = hard to increase exports
- Danger of inflation due to increased demand and money supply
Polices
- 1934 New Plan: controls on currency and bilateral trade agreements
- Government control of wages, prices
- Government tripled public investment 1933-36 and increased government expenditure by 70%
- Subsides for farmers from Reich Food Estate
Problems
- Disagreements over priorities guns vs butter
Rearmament
Polices
- 1936 Four Year Plan: prepare for war, autarky by expanding domestic production, developing substitutes,
expanding abroad (Austria, Czechoslovakia)
- Extended government controls
- Expanded rearmament
- 1935 Introduction to conscription, lowered statistics of unemployment
- Voluntary Labour Service established 1931 by 1935 employed 500,000 men
- Law for the Reduction of Unemployment – removed women from job market by offering marriage loans
Problems
- 1939 danger of economy overheating due to labour and raw material shortages and some prices rising
Wartime Economy
Policies
- Initially successful Blitzkrieg 1939-41
- Attempts to organise Total War Economy with large increase in production 1942-45 conflict with USSR6
,The Performance of the economy under the Nazis
1929 – 6 million unemployed, industrial production back to levels of the 1890s
1932 – end of reparations, Autobahn opened, lowest point of Great Depression
1933 – recovery after the Great Depression
1935 – 2 million unemployed
1938 – virtually full employment, women and jews not counted, conscription
1939 – unemployment erased by the war
Hitler’s priority was creating a wehrwirtschaft - a defence economy prepared to the needs of a future war
Schacht – Key Figure 1933 – 39 (Recoevry)
Policies
- Focus on economic recovery from the depression
- Public spending, public work schemes, autobahn, homes, reduce unemployment
- Subsidies to private firms to take on more workers
- Controlled wages and prices
- Tax concessions on particular groups (farmers), more money to spend on goods
- 1935 Reich Labour Service, unemployed men had 6 months labour
- Mefo bills to finance rearmament
Schacht’s New Plan 1934
- increased foreign trade meant shortage of foreign currency
- New Plan: government control on trade, tariffs, capital, currency
- bilateral trade agreements - Balkans, South America
- Germany paid in Reichsmarks which countries had to use to buy German goods, strengthening German
economy
Mefo Bills
German government paid credit notes to businesses, encouraged them to wait 5 years to get the money by
offering high interest rates 4%. Meant rearmament could be started before the government had the funds,
secret, Schacht
, Goering (Rearmament) 1936 - 1940
- Autarky – economic self-sufficiency
Four Year Plan
Aims:
- Increase rearmament (less reliance on imports)
- Economic autarky
- Make Germany ready for war
o Increase production of key commodities
o Establish state owned industrial plats (steelworks)
o Managed economy – controls on labour, prices
o Regulate imports + exports to prioritise rearmament
o Set targets for private companies
o Move to Total War economy
Not all targets were met – 1939, 1/3 of raw materials from abroad
Successes: reached aims of production of aluminium, explosives
Problems, supply:
- Supply problems meant armed forces suffered from shortages
- By 1941, this started to hinder the war effort
- Hitler did not anticipate war starting in 1939, was not his plan
- Suffered from structural weaknesses
- Armament production increased 21% to 55% between September 1939 – January 1941
Problems, politics:
- Goering, lacked technical and economic knowledge
- Goering, poor relations with military leaders and companies, focused on his own economic
- Goering incapable of providing centralised coordination
Failings 1939 – 40 were masked by military successes.
By 1941, weaknesses of the Four Year Plan were apparent.
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller bethanfdavies. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for CA$9.99. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
75759 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now