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Module 2- Microbiology Portage Learning Questions and Answers 100% Pass
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  • Microbiology Portage Learning

Module 2- Microbiology Portage Learning Questions and Answers 100% Pass cellular metabolism a controlled set of biochemical reactions that occur in living organisms to maintain life Enzymes a protein, or group of proteins, that speed up (catalyze) chemical reactions Cofactors a small chemical com...

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  • September 22, 2022
  • 7
  • 2022/2023
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers

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  • module 2 microbiology portage learning questions and answers 100 pass
  • cellular metabolism a controlled set of biochemical reactions that occur in living organisms to maintain life

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  • Microbiology Portage Learning
  • Microbiology Portage Learning

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Module 2 - Microbiology Portage Learning Questions and Answers 100% Pass cellular metabolism ✔✔a controlled set of biochemical reactions that occur in living organisms to maintain life Enzymes ✔✔a protein, or group of proteins, that speed up (catalyze) chemical reactions Cofactors ✔✔a small chemical component, usually metal i ons, that assist and regulate enzymes during the catalysis reactions. enzymes break down proteins into what: ✔✔amino acids enzymes break down lipids into what: ✔✔glycerrol/fatty acids enzymes break down polysaccharides into what: ✔✔monosaccharides Anab olism ✔✔the building up of macromolecules from smaller molecular units into larger complexes. Catabolism ✔✔Metabolic pathways that break down molecules, releasing energy. Phototrophs ✔✔organisms that get energy from photons of light to generate ATP from ADP Chemotrophs ✔✔organisms that obtain energy from chemicals found in the environment Organotrophs ✔✔chemotrophs that remove electrons from organic compounds (such as glucose) Lithotrophs ✔✔chemotrophs that remove electrons from inorganic molecules (su ch as elemental sulfur) Heterotrophs ✔✔a microorganism that cannot make its own food and must get carbon from organic molecules (ie. sugars) autotrophs ✔✔Organisms that make their own food and derive their carbon from inorganic molecules (most often CO2) Phosphorylation ✔✔The transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a molecule. Nearly all cellular work depends on ATP energizing other molecules by phosphorylation. 3 Types of phosphorylation reaction that generates ATP: ✔✔1. Photophosphorylation - the use of light energy / 2. Substrate -level phosphorylation - the phosphoryl (PO3) group of a chemical compound is transferred and donated directly to ADP / 3. Oxidative p hosphorylation - the energy released by the chemical oxidation of nutrients is used to reform ATP glucose metabolism ✔✔The process by which cells commonly obtain energy by breaking the chemical bonds of glucose molecules and use this energy to form ATP. Y ields up to 38 ATP and involves three distinct transitions . steps of glucose catabolism ✔✔1. Glycolysis: the breakdown of glucose to pyruvate to yield energy. Yields 2 ATP 2. Either fermentation or respiration yields 2 additional molecules of ATP 3. Ele ctron Transport Chain produces 34 ATP via an oxidative phosphorylation event at the plasma membrane

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