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Lesson 1 - text 1 - grammar structures - CHIN 100 - Language Study

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Course
CHIN100 (CHIN100)

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Capilano University (CapU )

Lesson 1 - text 1 - grammar structures - CHIN 100 - Language Study Material - Chinese - Text Material - Notes

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Uploaded on October 5, 2022
Number of pages 2
Written in 2022/2023
Type Class notes
Professor(s) Tong
Contains Chapter 1

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Lesson 1 – Grammar Structures - Introduction to Greetings in Chinese:

For first time meeting someone, you can say:

"Ni Hao" 你好！or

"Nin Hao" 您好！ (polite form, or to people that are senior to you)

These greetings are based on the following grammar structures in Chinese.

______________________________________________________________________________
1) What is a Subject?

A Subject is usually a noun or a pronoun used in the beginning of a Chinese sentence.
For example, the term “You” (singular as “Ni” 你) can be used as a Subject.

2) Fundamental Sentence Structures in Chinese:
A complete Chinese sentence can include Subject and Verb.
For example, the following two words in Chinese form a complete Chinese sentence.
Subject + Verb (= adjective)
Ni + Hao!

你 + 好！

(You + good!) (meaning: How do you do! / Hello!)

3）Chinese Verb Forms - there are 5 Chinese Verb Forms as follows:

a) Adjective functioning as a Verb (such as: “good”, “early”, “happy”)

b) Verb to be
c) Verb to do (all action verbs such as “to eat”, “to drink”, “to speak”)
d) Verb to have
e) The word “at” can function both as a Verb and as a preposition.

4) Chinese Verbs do not have conjugations such as singular or plural, nor do they have
conjugations on tenses such as past, present and future tenses. Only a specific word
may be added in front of a very or after a verb to make it future or past tense.

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