Class notes

Atoms

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Course
General Chemistry

Institution
Vanier College ( )

Diagram of an atom with components, their relative charge+mass, symbol. Isotopes (H), Monoatomic ions, tendencies, atomic masses, diagram of spectrometer. Also, isotopic distribution and average atomic mass.

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Uploaded on October 10, 2022
Number of pages 9
Written in 2022/2023
Type Class notes
Professor(s) Philippe brunet
Contains All classes

atom
electron
proton
neutron
relative mass
relative charge
atomic number
isotopes
monoatomic ions
atomic mass
spectrometer
isotopic distribution
average atomic mass

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1. Class notes - Atoms, molecules, info, and more ( 1st semester)
2. Class notes - Elements of the periodic table
3. Class notes - Atoms
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THE MODERN VIEW OF THE ATOM: (Obj. 5)

Atom :
e- n Nucleus: Contains protons and neutrons
n ++
e- +nn n Contains most of the mass
- +
(e Region) Very small fraction of atom volume
n
n
n
n
n
Nucleus
Electrons: Move in surrounding volume
e-
Very small fraction of the mass

e-

Protons (p+): - Mass = 1,673 x 10-27 Kg (1,0073 amu)
- Relative mass = 1
- Relative charge = +1

Electrons (e-) : - Mass = 9,109 x 10-31 Kg (mass e- = 1/1836 x mass p+) (5,486 x 10-4 amu)
- Relative mass = 0
- Relative charge = -1

Neutrons (no): - Mass = 1,675 x 10-27 Kg (1,0087 amu)
- Relative mass = 1
- Relative charge = 0
Note: Electrons revolve around the nucleus because opposite charges attract
Q.: Which element is represented?
Philippe Brunet, Vanier College Chemistry Department, A22

, ATOMIC NUMBER (Z): Z = number of protons (Obj 6)

All atoms of a given element have the same number of protons

1 proton Z=1 Hydrogen
6 protons Z=6 Carbon

Note: Z is the whole number above symbols in P.T.

Fixed for a given element (All H atoms of the universe contain one proton only)

Neutral atoms have same number of protons and electrons: H has 1 e- & C has 6 e-

MASS NUMBER (A): A = number of protons + number of neutrons

E.g. : A Li atom with 3 p+ and 3 n0: Z = 3 A= 3+3=6

A Li atom with 3 p+ and 4 n0: Z = 3 A= 3+4=7

A varies for a given element Isotopes

Note: A is not represented on the periodic table
Philippe Brunet, Vanier College Chemistry Department, A22

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