Summary
Applied Cognitive Psychology - Lecture Summary (Leiden University 2022)
- Course
- Institution
A summary of all lectures of Applied Cognitive Psychology, Leiden University (summer semester 2022) - Passed the exam with an 8.5
[Show more]
1 review
By: caydi • 1 year ago
Seller
Follow
breebay
Reviews received
Content preview
APPLIEDCOGNITIVE
PSYCHOLOGY
Lecture Summary Summer Semester 2022 – Leiden
University
, Index
Week 1 - Introduction
Week 2 – Fundamentals:
Week 3 – Human Error & Safety
Week 4 – Courtroom
Week 5 – Attention & Distraction
Week 6 – Human Computer Interaction
Week 7 – Food & Drugs
Week 8 – Automated Vehicles
1
, APPLIED COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGYLECTURE 1 – INTRODUCTION
Education
o How can you motivate yourself to read that textbook instead of the
buying the summary?
o What is the optimal way to learn a new language or skill?
o Can we enhance our cognitive functions like memory or creativity
using videogames?
- Work place
o What is the influence of sleep or diet on human performance?
o Do we work better while sitting or while standing behind our desks?
o How can we optimize the interaction between users and the software
they use at work?
- Industry
o What can we do to prevent human errors in industry?
o What is the optimal sleep-work rhythm for (night)shift workers?
o May light-therapy be effective to influence their day-night rhythm in
a healthy pattern?
- Transportation
o What can we do to prevent pilot error?
o Will improving protocols do any good?
o Do we need a re-design of cockpit layout? What might help?
- Military
o How can we ensure soldiers are aware of all mission critical
information?
o How may drugs or food influence physical and mental endurance in
battle?
- Justice
o How can we evaluate the accuracy of witness statements in court?
- Care and cure
o How can we improve / maintain vitality in the elderly? • How can we
motivate patients to take their medicine?
- Health
o Do ‘superfoods’ give us ‘super cognitive abilities’?
o How can meditation influence our mental and physical fitness?
o How can we motivate people to get into shape?
, APPLIED COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGYLECTURE 1 – INTRODUCTION
o How to minimize the time we need for sleep?
- Sports
o How to push it the limit?
o How may food be of help?
The ACP model:
- Core: Outcome = Cognition + Environment
- Cognition: memory - attention - flexibility - inhibition - motivation -
enjoyment
- Environment: organizations – product – website - tools
- Goals are achieved through interaction between cognition and
environment
o Goals: vitality – productivity – performance – happiness – safety
- Indicators of outcome: Dependent Variables (aviation): errors, accidents,
emergencies, accuracy, speed, understanding, enjoyment…
- Factors are independent variables: design, lay-out, responsiveness, brain-
training, operating instructions, situational awareness
o Can change cognition or environment
-
1
, APPLIED COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGYLECTURE 2 – FUNDAMENTALS
Perception
- Bottom Up
- Top-Down
- Limitations
Human Information Processing
Sensory register: Perception
- Lower-level phenomena
o Herring Grid: Lateral inhibition in retina
o Motion-after-effect: Adaptation to motion
o Colour-after-Effect: adaptation to colours
- Bottom Up
o Saliency-driven (e.g., brightness, contrast)
- Top-Down
o Predictions and expectations
o As quality of stimulus decreases→ top down increases
- Limitations
o Cannot process 100% of info that is presented
Central Processing: Attention
- Broadband’s Perceptual Filter: Early selection on attended channel and
physical properties (pitch, colour, loudness…)
o Some semantic processing is still taking place
§ Cocktail Party Effect
§ Dichotic Listening Task (words in unattended ear influence/prime
processing still)
2
, APPLIED COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGYLECTURE 2 – FUNDAMENTALS
- William James – ‘grandfather of experimental Psi’: being aware comes at
the cost of not being aware of other thing
Covert Attention: (Posner) Overt Attention
directing attention without physical physical impact, e.g., moving eyes
movement → primed spotlight =
faster recognition rather than
stimulus on other side
Endogenous (from the inside): Exogenous (from the outside):
Intentional, targeted, controlled not intentional, untargeted,
(executive control), conscious, attracted by external stimuli,
limited, top-down (concept driven) automatic, bottom-up (stimuli-
driven)
Limited in how much can be - Use exogenous stimuli instead
understood/paid attention to → to draw attention to important
card trick factors, but can overwhelm
- Smart use:
- Text automatically read
- Make model look in
direction of product
- Visual Search
o Pop-Out Effect:
§ only one feature different (e.g., colour)
§ not affected by amount of stimuli/location
o Conjunction Search:
§ Identify object with more than one feature
§ affected by location and amount of stimuli
- Attentional Control
3
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller breebay. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for CA$10.83. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
78462 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now