,Table of Contents
1. MRI/MRS
2. PET/CT
3. Generating big data using exhaled breath analysis
4. Brightfield Microscopy.
5. Data analysis of large data sets
6. Fluorescence microscopy
7. Confocal and Two-Photon Microscopy
, 1. MRI/MRS
MRI stands for Magnetic Resonance Imaging. MRI is possible because of specific nuclei in the
body that can behave as magnets and react to magnetic fields. These nuclei have something
called the spin that can be used and manipulated to form images. The most important nuclei that
can be detected is the 1H or proton. These hydrogen protons are present in the human body in
water and adipose tissue. The manipulation of the spin is called the MRI excitation where it is
excited by a 90 degrees radiofrequency pulse what flips the spin of the proton in order to let it be
perpendicular to the static field B0. All protons with the spin point towards the same point. This
is measurable.
When this RF pulse shuts down the spin does not stay in the line but returns to the Z-axis in the
magnetic field.
Then we have the T1/T2 weighted acquisitions. T1 is produced by a shorter echo time and
shorter repetition time. T1 is responsible for imaging of adipose tissue. T2 is produced by a
longer echo time and repetition time and T2 visualizes water better.
Goal of the practical
The goal of this practical was to see what happens with T1 and T2 relaxation of different types of
tissues compared to TE (echo time) and TR (repetition time) and how you see this regarding
brightness on the various tissues.
Preparation
For the practical we got an excel file with values from different tissues their intensity plotted
against the time in ms. The first sheet was measured in a magnetic field of 1.5T and there we had
to calculate the difference between the intensity of the grey matter and CSF. Then we got a graph
with the values of the intensities of both grey matter and CSF and then the difference curve of
those plotted against time. From this graph information about the repetition time and contrast
could be obtained. These repetition times were again compared to each other with the values
from the 3T magnetic field.
The next sheet was with T2 weighted values from various tissues. In this sheet a graph was made
gain with grey matter and CSF. From this graph the echo time and relaxation time could be
determined
The last task to determine the relaxation time of muscle tissue and adipose using T2 relaxation
time and the formula M = M0 * e ^ (-t/T2)
1. MRI/MRS
2. PET/CT
3. Generating big data using exhaled breath analysis
4. Brightfield Microscopy.
5. Data analysis of large data sets
6. Fluorescence microscopy
7. Confocal and Two-Photon Microscopy
, 1. MRI/MRS
MRI stands for Magnetic Resonance Imaging. MRI is possible because of specific nuclei in the
body that can behave as magnets and react to magnetic fields. These nuclei have something
called the spin that can be used and manipulated to form images. The most important nuclei that
can be detected is the 1H or proton. These hydrogen protons are present in the human body in
water and adipose tissue. The manipulation of the spin is called the MRI excitation where it is
excited by a 90 degrees radiofrequency pulse what flips the spin of the proton in order to let it be
perpendicular to the static field B0. All protons with the spin point towards the same point. This
is measurable.
When this RF pulse shuts down the spin does not stay in the line but returns to the Z-axis in the
magnetic field.
Then we have the T1/T2 weighted acquisitions. T1 is produced by a shorter echo time and
shorter repetition time. T1 is responsible for imaging of adipose tissue. T2 is produced by a
longer echo time and repetition time and T2 visualizes water better.
Goal of the practical
The goal of this practical was to see what happens with T1 and T2 relaxation of different types of
tissues compared to TE (echo time) and TR (repetition time) and how you see this regarding
brightness on the various tissues.
Preparation
For the practical we got an excel file with values from different tissues their intensity plotted
against the time in ms. The first sheet was measured in a magnetic field of 1.5T and there we had
to calculate the difference between the intensity of the grey matter and CSF. Then we got a graph
with the values of the intensities of both grey matter and CSF and then the difference curve of
those plotted against time. From this graph information about the repetition time and contrast
could be obtained. These repetition times were again compared to each other with the values
from the 3T magnetic field.
The next sheet was with T2 weighted values from various tissues. In this sheet a graph was made
gain with grey matter and CSF. From this graph the echo time and relaxation time could be
determined
The last task to determine the relaxation time of muscle tissue and adipose using T2 relaxation
time and the formula M = M0 * e ^ (-t/T2)
