CNUR 102
Comprehensive Final
Notes
Introduction to Professional Practice
History of nursing – refcting on history gives better understanding of how the nursing profession has
evolved
Contemporary Practice
Art and Science of Nursing
4 Fundamental Ways of Knowing
1. Empirical – applied and human science – patient knowledge and assessment findings
2. Personal – personal reflection
3. Ethical – right vs. just (CNA Code of Ethics)
4. Aesthetic – nursing during caring
5 Dimensions of Art of Nursing
1. Meaning in client encounters – 5 senses, non-verbal communication, whole client, sense
patterns, intuition,
2. Establish meaningful connection – quality, authenticity, emotional sensitivity, genuine, pays
attention
, 3. Skillfully perform nursing activities – dexterity & proficiency, principles to action, client
centred goals
4. Rationally determine appropriate course of action – intellectual, actions lead to outcomes,
logic, vision
5. Moral conduct – do no harm, benefit client, moral choices, competent & quality care & concern
Qualities of Nurse-Patient Relationship
• Trust – important and if lost hard to re-establish
• Respect – dignity and uniqueness of every individual
• Professional intimacy – close physical activities and psychological
• Empathy – understanding validates and resonates with client
• Power – be wary of power-dynamic with clients
Advocacy: support clients to voice their needs to achieve optimal health outcomes – advocate for
those who cannot for themselves
Nursing Research
1. Question
2. Collecting data
3. Results (answers)
Evidence Informed Practice: decisions about practice should include best available evidence from –
continuous learning, application of evidence, and supporting research – translate knowledge from all
sources into professional practice
• Clinical research
• Client preferences
• Expert opinion
• Resource availability
• Contextual information
Professional Identity
7 Competencies
, 1. Helping
2. Teaching
3. Diagnostic monitoring
4. Effective situation management
5. Therapeutic interventions
6. Quality of care
7. Organization and work
Benner’s Novice to Expert
1. Novice – no professional experience & is rule bound, lacking knowledge
2. Beginner – identifies common, meaningful situation (no practice)
3. Competent – understands impact of actions on long-term goals – evolving professional
expertise
4. Proficient – holistic view of situations
5. Expert – intuitively understands situations and can determine problem sources – changing
jobs/specialties affects this
Reflection & Reflexivity
Art of nursing: capacity to carry out nursing procedures & techniques; develop dexterity & proficiency;
connect with clients, critically think, integrate principles, procedures & techniques into practice
Othering: differentiate others from yourself or the majority which reinforces positions of power &
subordination
Reflection: wondering about phenomenon and seeking deeper understanding
• Reflection ON action: think back on what you’ve done and consider how your actions
contributed to the outcomes – learn & shapes future action
• Reflection IN action: at the moment your engaged in a particular action – helps us think if
we’re getting things right
Reflexivity: considering & critically questioning assumptions and values that motivate and underly our
practice – push to be aware of own interests & motivations
Comprehensive Final
Notes
Introduction to Professional Practice
History of nursing – refcting on history gives better understanding of how the nursing profession has
evolved
Contemporary Practice
Art and Science of Nursing
4 Fundamental Ways of Knowing
1. Empirical – applied and human science – patient knowledge and assessment findings
2. Personal – personal reflection
3. Ethical – right vs. just (CNA Code of Ethics)
4. Aesthetic – nursing during caring
5 Dimensions of Art of Nursing
1. Meaning in client encounters – 5 senses, non-verbal communication, whole client, sense
patterns, intuition,
2. Establish meaningful connection – quality, authenticity, emotional sensitivity, genuine, pays
attention
, 3. Skillfully perform nursing activities – dexterity & proficiency, principles to action, client
centred goals
4. Rationally determine appropriate course of action – intellectual, actions lead to outcomes,
logic, vision
5. Moral conduct – do no harm, benefit client, moral choices, competent & quality care & concern
Qualities of Nurse-Patient Relationship
• Trust – important and if lost hard to re-establish
• Respect – dignity and uniqueness of every individual
• Professional intimacy – close physical activities and psychological
• Empathy – understanding validates and resonates with client
• Power – be wary of power-dynamic with clients
Advocacy: support clients to voice their needs to achieve optimal health outcomes – advocate for
those who cannot for themselves
Nursing Research
1. Question
2. Collecting data
3. Results (answers)
Evidence Informed Practice: decisions about practice should include best available evidence from –
continuous learning, application of evidence, and supporting research – translate knowledge from all
sources into professional practice
• Clinical research
• Client preferences
• Expert opinion
• Resource availability
• Contextual information
Professional Identity
7 Competencies
, 1. Helping
2. Teaching
3. Diagnostic monitoring
4. Effective situation management
5. Therapeutic interventions
6. Quality of care
7. Organization and work
Benner’s Novice to Expert
1. Novice – no professional experience & is rule bound, lacking knowledge
2. Beginner – identifies common, meaningful situation (no practice)
3. Competent – understands impact of actions on long-term goals – evolving professional
expertise
4. Proficient – holistic view of situations
5. Expert – intuitively understands situations and can determine problem sources – changing
jobs/specialties affects this
Reflection & Reflexivity
Art of nursing: capacity to carry out nursing procedures & techniques; develop dexterity & proficiency;
connect with clients, critically think, integrate principles, procedures & techniques into practice
Othering: differentiate others from yourself or the majority which reinforces positions of power &
subordination
Reflection: wondering about phenomenon and seeking deeper understanding
• Reflection ON action: think back on what you’ve done and consider how your actions
contributed to the outcomes – learn & shapes future action
• Reflection IN action: at the moment your engaged in a particular action – helps us think if
we’re getting things right
Reflexivity: considering & critically questioning assumptions and values that motivate and underly our
practice – push to be aware of own interests & motivations
