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Test Bank - Biological Science, 3rd Canadian Edition (Freeman, 2019) Chapter 1-54 | All Chapters
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Test Bank - Biological Science, 3rd Canadian Edition (Freeman, 2019) Chapter 1-54 | All Chapters

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TEST BANK
Biological Science, Canadian Edition


Scott Freeman, Kim Quillin, Lizabeth Allison, Michael Black, Greg Podgorski, Emily Taylor, Michael Harrington, Joan Sharp



3rd Edition

,Table of Contents

Chapter 01 Biology and the Tree of Life 1
Chapter 02 Water and Carbon The Chemical Basis of Life 13
Chapter 03 Protein Structure and Function 31
Chapter 04 Nucleic Acids and the RNA World 45
Chapter 05 An Introduction to Carbohydrates 59
Chapter 06 Lipids, Membranes, and the First Cells 75
Chapter 07 Inside the Cell 97
Chapter 08 Energy and Enzymes 111
Chapter 09 Cellular Respiration and Fermentation 135
Chapter 10 Photosynthesis 151
Chapter 11 Cell-Cell Interactions 166
Chapter 12 The Cell Cycle 179
Chapter 13 Meiosis 192
Chapter 14 Mendel and the Gene 208
Chapter 15 DNA and the Gene Synthesis and Repair 230
Chapter 16 How Genes Work 245
Chapter 17 Transcription, RNA Processing, and Translation 259
Chapter 18 Control of Gene Expression in Bacteria 274
Chapter 19 Control of Gene Expression in Eukaryotes 287
Chapter 20 The Molecular Revolution Biotechnology and Beyond 302
Chapter 21 Genes, Development, and Evolution 317
Chapter 22 Evolution by Natural Selection 330
Chapter 23 Evolutionary Processes 351
Chapter 24 Speciation 375
Chapter 25 Phylogenies and the History of Life 391
Chapter 26 Bacteria and Archaea 408
Chapter 27 Protists 422
Chapter 28 Green Algae and Land Plants 439
Chapter 29 Fungi 458
Chapter 30 An Introduction to Animals 480
Chapter 31 Protostome Animals 499
Chapter 32 Deuterostome Animals 514
Chapter 33 Viruses 530
Chapter 34 Plant Form and Function 545
Chapter 35 Water and Sugar Transport in Plants 559
Chapter 36 Plant Nutrition 574
Chapter 37 Plant Sensory Systems, Signals, and Responses 589
Chapter 38 Plant Reproduction and Development 616

,Chapter 39 Animal Form and Function 631
Chapter 40 Water and Electrolyte Balance in Animals 645
Chapter 41 Animal Nutrition 659
Chapter 42 Gas Exchange and Circulation 675
Chapter 43 Animal Nervous Systems 691
Chapter 44 Animal Sensory Systems 704
Chapter 45 Animal Movement 720
Chapter 46 Chemical Signals in Animals 734
Chapter 47 Animal Reproduction and Development 749
Chapter 48 The Immune System in Animals 762
Chapter 49 An Introduction to Ecology 776
Chapter 50 Behavioural Ecology 791
Chapter 51 Population Ecology 807
Chapter 52 Community Ecology 833
Chapter 53 Ecosystems and Global Ecology 853
Chapter 54 Biodiversity and Conservation Biology 875




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Test Bank - Biological Science, 3rd Canadian Edition (Freeman, 2019)




Biological Science, 3rd Canadian Edition (Freeman et al.)
Chapter 01 Biology and the Tree of Life

1) Which of the following observations demonstrates the fundamental characteristic of life
known as energy?
A) Organisms are made of membrane-bound units called cells.
B) A bacterium replicates to become two bacteria.
C) Plants absorb sunlight to stay alive and reproduce.
D) The gene that specifies skin colour in frogs is passed from parent to offspring.
E) The use of antibiotics has increased the frequency of bacteria populations that are resistant to
those antibiotics.
Answer: C
Type: MC
Reference: Section 1.1
Bloom's Taxonomy: Applying
LO: 1-1. Name five fundamental characteristics shared by all living organisms.

2) How does a scientific theory differ from a scientific hypothesis?
A) There is no difference—the terms are interchangeable.
B) A theory is an explanation for a very general phenomenon or observation; hypotheses treat
more specific observations.
C) A hypothesis is an explanation for a very general phenomenon; theories treat more specific
issues.
D) Theories define scientific laws; hypotheses are used to set up experiments.
Answer: B
Type: MC
Reference: Section 1.2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension
LO: 1-2. Describe the two components of the cell theory.

3) Algae in the genus Caulerpa typically grow to a length of over half a meter and have
structures similar to stems, leaves, and roots. Reproduction occurs when adults produce sperm
and eggs that fuse to form offspring. Each adult Caulerpa, however, consists of just a single cell.
Which of the following statements is true?
A) Caulerpa violate the pattern component of the cell theory—that all organisms consist of cells.
B) Caulerpa violate the process component of the cell theory—that all cells come from
preexisting cells.
C) Caulerpa violate both the pattern and process components of the cell theory.
D) The existence of Caulerpa is consistent with the cell theory.
Answer: D
Type: MC
Reference: Section 1.2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension
LO: 1-2. Describe the two components of the cell theory.




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Test Bank - Biological Science, 3rd Canadian Edition (Freeman, 2019)




4) Which statement about spontaneous generation is FALSE?
A) Pasteur demonstrated that it does not occur under normal laboratory conditions.
B) It apparently occurred at least once–when life on Earth began.
C) It occurs every time a new species evolves from a preexisting species.
D) It addresses the formation of living cells from previously nonliving material.
Answer: C
Type: MC
Reference: Section 1.2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering
LO: 1-2. Describe the two components of the cell theory.

5) Recall Pasteur's experiment on spontaneous generation. Originally, he used sealed and
unsealed flasks instead of swan-necked and unsealed flasks. Critics claimed that the experiment
was inconclusive. Which of the following criticisms would be addressed by using a swan-necked
flask instead of the sealed flask?
A) The broth was heated too intensively.
B) There had not been enough time for spontaneous generation to occur.
C) Fresh air is required for spontaneous generation.
D) The broth was not nutritious enough.
Answer: C
Type: MC
Reference: Section 1.2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension/Applying
LO: 1-2. Describe the two components of the cell theory.

6) Which of the following is the best example of a heritable variation?
A) skin cancer
B) amputation
C) red hair
D) love for music
Answer: C
Type: MC
Reference: Section 1.3
Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension
LO: 1-3. Briefly explain the theory of natural selection, and clarify the two conditions that are
necessary and sufficient for natural selection to bring about evolutionary change in a population.




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Test Bank - Biological Science, 3rd Canadian Edition (Freeman, 2019)




7) How does artificial selection differ from natural selection?
A) Artificial selection occurs only in computer simulations, not with actual organisms.
B) Artificial selection is based on conscious choices by humans.
C) Artificial selection occurs only with plants.
D) Artificial selection is not based on heritable variation, but on new mutations.
Answer: B
Type: MC
Reference: Section 1.3
Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension
LO: 1-3. Briefly explain the theory of natural selection, and clarify the two conditions that are
necessary and sufficient for natural selection to bring about evolutionary change in a population.

8) Over the past several decades, natural selection has caused populations of Staphylococcus
aureus (an infectious wound bacterium) to evolve resistance to most antibiotics. If antibiotic use
were stopped, what would you predict would happen to these S. aureus populations?
A) They will go extinct without the antibiotic.
B) The populations will begin colonizing new environments.
C) The frequency of nonresistant forms will increase in these populations.
D) The frequency of resistant forms will definitely increase in these populations.
Answer: C
Type: MC
Reference: Section 1.3
Bloom's Taxonomy: Applying
LO: 1-3. Briefly explain the theory of natural selection, and clarify the two conditions that are
necessary and sufficient for natural selection to bring about evolutionary change in a population.

9) Environments all over the world are changing as a result of global warming. Could this
influence natural selection?
A) No. The environment is always changing. Global warming is nothing new.
B) Yes. Traits that help individuals produce more offspring in warmer environments will
increase in frequency.
C) No. The only change will be that species from hot environments will expand their ranges.
D) Yes. Mutations occur more frequently in hot environments.
Answer: B
Type: MC
Reference: Section 1.3
Bloom's Taxonomy: Applying
LO: 1-3. Briefly explain the theory of natural selection, and clarify the two conditions that are
necessary and sufficient for natural selection to bring about evolutionary change in a population.




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Test Bank - Biological Science, 3rd Canadian Edition (Freeman, 2019)




10) The "heat" in chili peppers is due to a molecule called capsaicin. Suppose you breed chili
peppers that have low amounts of capsaicin over many generations in order to make them milder
(have less capsaicin). What process is occurring?
A) heritable variation
B) environmental change
C) natural selection
D) artificial selection
Answer: D
Type: MC
Reference: Section 1.3
Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension/Remembering
LO: 1-3. Briefly explain the theory of natural selection, and clarify the two conditions that are
necessary and sufficient for natural selection to bring about evolutionary change in a population.

11) The "heat" in chili peppers is due to a molecule called capsaicin. Suppose you breed only the
hottest chili peppers over many generations–predict the characteristics of the resulting
individuals.
A) larger fruits
B) smaller fruits
C) less capsaicin
D) more capsaicin
Answer: D
Type: MC
Reference: Section 1.3
Bloom's Taxonomy: Applying
LO: 1-3. Briefly explain the theory of natural selection, and clarify the two conditions that are
necessary and sufficient for natural selection to bring about evolutionary change in a population.

12) Starting from the wild mustard Brassica oleracea, breeders have created the strains known as
Brussel sprouts, broccoli, kale, and cabbage. Which of the following statements is supported by
this observation?
A) In this species, there is enough heritable variation to create a variety of features.
B) Heritable variation is low–otherwise the wild strain would have different characteristics.
C) Natural selection has not occurred very frequently in the wild populations.
D) In this species, most of the variation present is due to differences in soil, nutrition, amount of
sunlight, or other aspects of the environment.
Answer: A
Type: MC
Reference: Section 1.3
Bloom's Taxonomy: Applying
LO: 1-3. Briefly explain the theory of natural selection, and clarify the two conditions that are
necessary and sufficient for natural selection to bring about evolutionary change in a population.




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Test Bank - Biological Science, 3rd Canadian Edition (Freeman, 2019)




13) The structure of double helical DNA
A) serves as a template for protein synthesis.
B) is used to synthesize messenger RNA.
C) contains two identical single strands of DNA.
D) must be accurately copied to ensure variation in organisms.
Answer: B
Type: MC
Reference: Section 1.4
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
LO: 1-4. Explain the chromosome theory of inheritance.

14) Which of the following describes the flow of genetic information in cells according to the
central dogma?
A) DNA codes for RNA, which codes for protein.
B) DNA codes for protein, which codes for RNA.
C) RNA codes for DNA, which codes for protein.
D) RNA codes for protein, which codes for DNA.
E) Protein codes for RNA, which codes for DNA.
Answer: A
Type: MC
Reference: Section 1.4
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
LO: 1-4. Explain the chromosome theory of inheritance.

15) Which of the following best reflects a phylogenetic conclusion regarding chimpanzees and
baboons?
A) They are grouped together because they both have opposable thumbs.
B) They are grouped together because they both feed their young breast milk.
C) They are grouped together because they have a common ancestor in recent history.
D) They are grouped together because they live in similar habitats.
Answer: C
Type: MC
Reference: Section 1.5
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering
LO: 1-5. Read a phylogenetic tree, and understand the role of similarities and differences in
constructing phylogenetic trees.




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