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Grade 12 IEB Physical Science (Chemistry) Electrochemistry (Section F) Summary & notes CA$5.58   Add to cart
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Grade 12 IEB Physical Science (Chemistry) Electrochemistry (Section F) Summary & notes

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  • Course
  • Physical Sciences
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  • 12th Grade

This aesthetic, in-depth, neatly typed document summarises Section F of the IEB Grade 12 Chemistry syllabus: Electrochemistry. This document includes the full Section F syllabus, all definitions, additional class notes, own research notes and all relevant diagrams.

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  • January 21, 2023
  • 12
  • 2022/2023
  • Summary

Subjects

  • ieb
  • matric
  • grade 12
  • physical science
  • chemistry
  • paper 2
  • section f
  • electrochemistry
  • neat
  • typed
  • aesthetic
  • diagrams
  • definitions
  • summary
  • notes

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  • 12th Grade
  • Physical Sciences
  • 200
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Electrochemistry:


Redox reactions: Red = reduction, ox = oxidation

Electrolysis: Transfer of electrons

Redox reaction: Reaction involving the transfer of electrons



• Oxidation is the loss of electrons
OIL RIG : Oxidation is Loss, Reduction is Gain
• Reduction is the gain of electrons



• Oxidising agent: Substance that accepts (takes) electrons (Causes other species to lose electrons)

• Reducing agent: Substance that donates (gives) electrons (Causes other species to gain electrons)



Writing balanced equations using half reactions:

• A half reaction contains electrons:

- Either on the left of arrow (reduction)

- Or on the right of arrow (oxidation)

• Net reactions must NOT show any electrons

Li+ + e¡ ! Li Li ! Li+ + e¡
f
f




e on the left of e on the right of
arrow = reduction arrow = oxidation
reaction reaction




Electrolysis: Transfer of electrons


REDOX
!


!




reduction oxidation
1. Gaining of electrons 1. Loss of electrons
2. Reduction (decrease) in 2. Increase in
oxidation number oxidation number

, Electrolytic cells:

• Electrode reactions that are sustained by a supply of electrical energy (not spontaneous) (electrode

must be solid conductor: graphite/metal)

• Conversion of electrical energy into chemical energy



Processes and Redox reactions:

• Identify anode and cathode

Anode: Where oxidation takes place

Cathode: Where reduction takes place

• Write half reaction equations taking place at anode and cathode

• Write net ionic cell reaction (combine 2 half reactions)

• Identify oxidising and reducing agent for electrolytic reaction

• Identify or suggest suitable inert electrodes (don't react)



Electrolyte: A substance (liquid) that can conduct electricity by forming free ions when molten or

dissolved in solution



• Identify predominant half-reaction taking place at anode and cathode during electrolysis of

AQUEOUS solution

• Strongest RA or OA present in solution will be oxidised or reduced during electrolysis. Except

when their concentration becomes too low

• Role of concentration when predicting predominant anode half-reaction:

- When concentration of weak RA is HIGH, then it will undergo oxidation in preference to a strong

RA.

• Anode itself will be oxidised in preference to the ions:

- When electrode material is a stronger RA than ions in solution

- When graphite electrodes in Hall-Heroult cell react with oxygen

• Inherent reactivity (electrode potentials) will determine which half-reaction will be predominant at

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