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Summary

MG: Infectious diseases and Oncology summary 2023

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  • Course
  • Medicine groups: Infectious diseases and Oncology (WBFA04105.2)
  • Institution
  • Rijksuniversiteit Groningen (RuG)

This summary provides you with the information you need to pass the subject of infectious diseases and oncology. I wrote this summary down during the lectures. Because this summary helped me to pass this subject, I shared it with you in return of a nominal amount of money.

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Document information

  • January 28, 2023
  • 93
  • 2022/2023
  • Summary

Subjects

  •  oncology
  • opportunistic infections
  • ribosome directed an
  • cohabitation and presence of bacteria in the human body
  • bactericidal and bacteriostatic
  • antibiotics with cell wall and membrane as their target

Written for

  • Rijksuniversiteit Groningen (RuG)
  • Pharmacy
  • Medicine groups: Infectious diseases and Oncology (WBFA04105.2)
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SUMMARY OF MEDICINE
GROUPS: INFECTIOUS DISEASES
AND ONCOLOGY

, .


The student has knowlegde of and insight in:
 Pathogenesis of bacterial, viral and fungal infections
 Mechanism of action, the chemical structure, the important clinical applications, side-
effects and farmacokinetic aspects of classes of antibiotics
 The pathogenesis of tumours; the chemical structure, the important clinicalapplications,
side-effects and farmacokinetic aspects of anti-tumour compounds
 The coherence between above mentioned aspects of the different therapeutics
 Resistance problem surrounding anti-infectious agents and the policy that ispursued within
hospitals and pharmacies; the resistance problems surroundingcytostatics.Origin of
resistance and consequences for treatment
 Factors that determine the choice of a particular antibiotic or oncolytic

,Lecture 1: Introduction
Prof. Quax

Introduction
 Oncology: branch of science that deals with tumors and cancers
 What is the relationship between infection and oncology?
 Some bacteria that might induce cancer
 How does medicines targets infections or infectious or cancer cells?
 Medicines focus on targets that are unique to infectious or cancer cells.
 So if you want to treat an infectious particle or a cancer cell you should have a drug
that will target that particle and that will not affect healthy human cells.

COVID-19
 What is the mechanism by which Covid-19 lead to proliferation of itself in the cell?
 the virus binds to the ACE2
receptor that will internalise the
virus via endocytosis. Then the
RNA is released and translated in
the ribosome resulting in
polymerase production that will
replicate the RNA resulting in
mRNA. These mRNA are encoding
the spike protein and several other
proteins. They are then assembled
on the ER and then viral particles
are reassembled and excreted
resulting in replication of the virus.
 How to inhibit this?
 During endocytosis, the virus has to fuse with the membrane which could be
inhibited.
 How is inhibitor of fusion interrupted?
 By using vaccine that interferes with the mRNA molecule of the spike protein

, Cohabitation and presence of
bacteria in the human body
Anatomic Barriers
 What is the function of anatomic barriers?
 to keep out infections
 What are those barriers?
 Skin:
 dry and full of proteins that are not nice for infectious particles to grow on
 There is quite some variation from person to person in the microbiome of
the skin flora
 it can be so unique that it can be traced back to one individual.
 Why are bacteria on mouth and skin important?
 Important to protect against invasivores
 Saliva
 Full of enzymes e.g. lysozymes, peroxidase, etc. can kill bacteria
 Eyes
 Contain lysozymes
 What are the lysozymes?
 Lysozymes are enzymes that will cut the sugars of the cell wall of
bacteria resulting in collapsing
 Lungs
 IG
 Stomach
 acidic so infectious particles will not survive.
 Gut
 commensals (bacteria living in our gut) will protect and keep out
pathogenic organisms.
 production of IgA that kill other bacteria
 The majority of the infections are
already stopped at the level of the
microflora
 The lower the pH the lower the number of
cell that the intestine build of
 Low pH of the somach
 Most bacteria cannot escape of the low pH of the stomach

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