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Summary Chapter 1 notes SLK110
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  • Course
  • Psychology 110
  • Institution
  • University Of Pretoria (UP)
  • Book
  • PSYCHOLOGY

These notes are compiled using the textbook, lecture notes, and study outcomes. They are easy to understand and include diagrams. All of the visual material used in the textbook and in lectures are also included.

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  • Chapter 1
  • January 31, 2023
  • 19
  • 2022/2023
  • Summary

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  • slk110
  • tuks
  • psychology
  • summary
  • notes
  • up
  • university of pretoria

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©Ane Venter




Chapter 1
The Evolution of Psychology




Please note: Lecture notes are in RED

Extra notes are in BLUE
1

,©Ane Venter
 PSYCHOLOGY
→ The scientific study of the:
• MIND
• MENTAL PROCESSES
• BEHAVIOUR.
→ Greek words: Psyche (soul)
Study of the Human mind
Logos (Study)




1. Mind
→ Originates in the brain + Fosters human consciousness.
→ Produces mental processes:
o Thoughts
o Memory
Consequently, influence behaviour
o Perception
o Reasoning
→ Conscious + unconscious processes = characteristics qualities define human beings as sentient
beings.




2. Mental Processes
→ Activities in the brain that are required to produce sequence of systematic actions, changes, and
functions.
→ Sequence aims to develop towards an outcome.
→ Disturbance / disruption of mental processes = disorder in the mind
o Mind fails to produce an appropriate sequence of mental processes.
o Pattern of behaviour becomes affected,




3. Behaviour
→ Any response carried out by an organism.
→ More than just good or bad.


2

, ©Ane Venter
→ Behaviour = action
o Reaction to stimulus
o Functional pattern in a system that functions normally
→ Degree of reactive action is a lot lower in functional patterns of a system.




Fluidity in the Development of the Discipline
Definition of fluidity
→ Framework = supporting structure.
1: the quality or state of being fluid
→ Psychology must evolve to survive.
→ Psychology 2: the physical property of a substance that

o Fundamentally classic enables it to flow

o Structurally contemporary (Merriam Webster Dictionary)
→ Fluidity = CENTRAL to evolution of psychology.




Diversity in Knowledge Systems

→ Framework of psychology = centres on mental + behavioural processes
= Significant in all areas of life.
→ Incorporates diverse array of knowledge systems across the world.
→ To appreciate evolution of psychology:
o Consider era in which psychology became influential.
o Environmental and cultural influences at the time.
o Cross disciplinary discoveries that contributed to the development of psychological knowledge
and skills.
→ PSYCHOLOGY IS NOT AN INVENTION.
o Thinking, experiencing, understanding, and behaviour = existed before we formulated theories,
• Needed these processes to develop theories.
o DID invent frameworks used to classify study of psychology.
→ World you live in = defines frame of reference + how you define information
→ Framework of psychology comprises various models.
o Models have certain assumptions + values = explain psychological processes.
o Models are called PARADIGMS
• Develop from different sources and are influenced continuously.

3

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