Exam (elaborations)
GIZMOS- Inclined Plane – Simple Machine-Scored A-
- Institution
- Carleton University (CU )
GIZMOS- Inclined Plane – Simple Machine-Scored A-
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GIZMOS- Inclined Plane – Simple Machine-Scored A-20232024
Directions: Follow the instructions to go through the simulation. Respond to the questions and
prompts in the orange boxes.
Voca-bulary: coefficient of friction, efficiency, force, free-body diagram, friction, inclined plane, mechanical
advantage, mechanical energy, normal force, resultant force, simple machine, vector, work, work-energy
theorem
Prior Knowledge Questions (Do these BEFORE using the Gizmo.)
Jan is moving to a new apartment. She needs to load her sofa and other large furniture into a moving van. The
rear of the moving van is 1.5 meters high.
1. What could Jan use to make loading furniture on the van easier?
Create an inclined plane so she can slide the furniture into the moving fan.
2. Why would this help?
The ramp would take a lot of the force instead of her having to lift the entire mass
herself, thus making the entire process more efficient.
Gizmo Warm-up
A simple machine can be used to make tasks like lifting heavy weights easier.
One example of a simple machine is a ramp, or inclined plane. You can use the
Inclined Plane – Simple Machine Gizmo to see how inclined planes can help to
lift objects.
On the CONTROLS pane, make sure the Angle is 30°, the Coeff. of friction is
0.00, and the Weight is 300 N.
1. The brick has a weight of 300 newtons (N).
How much force would it take to lift the brick straight up? More than 150 N.
2. Set the External force to On. A car appears, ready to push on the brick. Set the Applied force to 100 N
and click Play ( ). What happens?
The car gets pushed all the way down.
3. Click Reset ( ). Using the Gizmo, find the smallest force that is required to push the block up the 30°
ramp.
What is the smallest force required? 151 N
, Activity A: Get the Gizmo ready:
Redirection of ● Turn Off the External force. Click Reset.
force ● Set the Angle to 30° and the Weight to 300 N.
Question: How does an inclined plane redirect a force?
1. Observe: Select the FREE-BODY DIAGRAM tab. Make sure Magnitude is on. A free-body diagram is a
picture that uses vectors to show the different forces acting on an object.
What does the purple arrow pointing down represent?
The weight of the brick
The inclined plane breaks this force down into two components: one parallel to the inclined plane (W||) and
one perpendicular to the inclined plane (W ).
2. Infer: Which force (W|| or W ) will cause the brick to slide down the plane?
W||
3. Calculate: To calculate a ratio, divide the two numbers being compared.
A. What is the ratio of W|| to the Weight of the brick? 0.5
B. What is the ratio of W to the Weight of the brick? 0.8667
C. Sine (sin), cosine (cos), and tangent (tan) are ratios of the lengths of a right triangle’s sides. Use a
calculator to find the sin, cos, and tan of the inclined plane’s Angle.
Sin: 0.5 Cos: Tan:
0.866 0.577
4. Synthesize: Describe any relationships you see between the ratios you calculated and the sine, cosine,
and/or tangent of the inclined plane’s angle.
The ratio of W|| to the weight of the brick equals the sine of the plane’s angle, and the
ratio of W to the weight of the brick equals the cosine of the plane’s angle
5. Make a rule: Use the relationships you found to write a formula for W|| and W in terms of weight (W) and
angle (θ):
W = W(cos θ) W|| = W(sin θ)
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