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LCSW Exam Questionable section Review, Full coverage, rated A+
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LCSW Exam Questionable section Review, Full coverage, rated A+ Asceticism - -Characterized by rigor and self-denial Denial - -refusing to believe or even perceive painful realities Displacement - -psychoanalytic defense mechanism that shifts sexual or aggressive impulses toward a more ac...

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  • February 8, 2023
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  • rated a asceticism characterized by rigor and self denial denial refusing to believe or even perceive painful realities displacement

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LCSW Exam Questionable section
Review, Full coverage, rated A+

Asceticism - ✔✔-Characterized by rigor and self-denial



Denial - ✔✔-refusing to believe or even perceive painful realities



Displacement - ✔✔-psychoanalytic defense mechanism that shifts sexual or aggressive impulses toward
a more acceptable or less threatening object or person, as when redirecting anger toward a safer outlet



identification - ✔✔-the process by which, according to Freud, children incorporate their parents' values
into their developing superegos



Intellectualization - ✔✔-a coping mechanism in which the person analyzes a situation from an
emotionally detached viewpoint



Introjection/Internalization - ✔✔-is the internalization of outside events or characteristics

of other people. Refers to the process of taking it all in or swallowing it whole.

Ex: a victim uses identification with the aggressor's

behaviors to help protect himself

Putting on a seat belt before driving.



Projection - ✔✔-psychoanalytic defense mechanism by which people disguise their own threatening
impulses by attributing them to others



Rationalization - ✔✔-defense mechanism that offers self-justifying explanations in place of the real,
more threatening, unconscious reasons for one's actions

,reaction formation - ✔✔-psychoanalytic defense mechanism by which the ego unconsciously switches
unacceptable impulses into their opposites. Thus, people may express feelings that are the opposite of
their anxiety-arousing unconscious feelings.



Repression - ✔✔-in psychoanalytic theory, the basic defense mechanism that banishes from
consciousness anxiety-arousing thoughts, feelings, and memories



sublimation (defense mechanism) - ✔✔-- Rechanneling of drives or impulses that are personally or
socially unacceptable into activities that are constructive.



EX: Mom of son killed by drunk driver, president of MADD.



Undoing: Defense Mechanism - ✔✔-atoning for or trying to magically dispel unacceptable desires or
acts



Id - ✔✔-a reservoir of unconscious psychic energy that, according to Freud, strives to satisfy basic sexual
and aggressive drives. The id operates on the pleasure principle, demanding immediate gratification.



ego - ✔✔-the largely conscious, "executive" part of personality that, according to Freud, mediates
among the demands of the id, superego, and reality. The ego operates on the reality principle, satisfying
the id's desires in ways that will realistically bring pleasure rather than pain.



Superego (Freud) - ✔✔-Represents the conscience, holds rules, values for socially acceptable behavior



Oral Stage (0-18 months) - ✔✔-pleasure centers on the mouth- sucking, biting, chewing



Anal Stage (18-36 months) - ✔✔-pleasure focuses on bowel and bladder elimination; coping with
demands for control



phalic stage - ✔✔-According to Freud, the third psychosexual stage (from 3 to 6 years) in which
gratification is focused on the genitals

,latent stage - ✔✔-Freud's stage of psychosexual development occuring from about age 6 to puberty
during which little happens in psychosexual terms



genital stage - ✔✔-Freud's last stage of personality development, from the onset of puberty through
adulthood, during which the sexual conflicts of childhood resurface (at puberty) and are often resolved
during adolescence).



Piaget's Theory - ✔✔-Theory stating that children actively construct their understanding of the world
and go through four stages of cognitive development.



Assimilation (Piaget) - ✔✔-According to Piaget this is the process of fitting new ideas or concepts into
existing ideas or concepts. It suggests that a child may change or alter what he perceives in the outside
world in order to fit his internal world.



Equilibrium (Piaget) - ✔✔-balance between assimilation and accommodation



Accommodation (Piaget) - ✔✔-adapting our current understandings (schemas) to incorporate new
information



Adaptation (Piaget) - ✔✔-The process of adjusting schemes in response to the environment by means of
assimilation and accommodation.



Object Permanence (Piaget) - ✔✔-concept, gained in infancy, that objects continue to exist even when
they are hidden from view



Causality (piaget) - ✔✔-when a child recognizes certain events, cause other events



Pre operational Stage (Piaget) - ✔✔-2-7yrs; thinking is concrete, egocentric; language develops. A key
characteristic of this stage is the symbolic function, which allows the child to learn through the use of
mental images, language and other symbols that represent objects that aren't present. Children during
this stage engage in symbolic play and can solve problems mentally

, Concrete Operational Stage (Piaget) - ✔✔-7-12. The child develops the ability to understand constant
factors in the environment, rules, and higher-order symbolic systems. Conservation is developed here.



Formal Operational Stage (Piaget) - ✔✔-12-adulthood. Children develop the ability to think logically in
the abstract. They develop deductive reasoning skills and are capable of achieving post-conventional
moral reasoning.



Erickson's Developmental Theory - ✔✔-Based on Freud's emphasis on unconscious motivation

Greater emphasis on the ego

Assumes that people are basically rational and that behavior is largely due to ego functioning.

Each of the 8 stages involves a psychosocial task that is to be mastered. If not mastered, the person still
continues to develop, but the ego is damaged and subsequent stages will be affected.



Trust vs. Mistrust (Erikson) - ✔✔-0-1 years. Erikson's first stage during the first year of life, infants learn
to trust when they are cared for in a consistent warm manner



sundowning (sundown syndrome) - ✔✔-a condition frequently reported (especially by family and
professional caregivers), in which the affected individual is observed to become increasingly agitated,
may become profoundly confused, emotionally volatile, and uncooperative (with a wide variety of
behaviors across individuals). The signs of sundowning syndrome reliably occur with onset at or after
daylight hours, and may become progressively more severe in cases of progressive forms of dementia. It
also is observed in individuals who are survivors of traumatic brain injuries, although it is not as well
documented as with dementias.



Universalization - ✔✔-technique of therapeutic communication in which the thought or behavior
expressed is normalized to help the client feel less disoriented and to remove barriers to effective
problem-solving.



experimental research design - ✔✔-random assignment of participants and the measure of intervention
versus non-intervention.



Quasiexperimental designs - ✔✔-Experimental designs that do not involve random allocation of subjects
to treatment combinations. Only has the intervention and comparison groups.

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