Summary

AP Statistics Complete Content Summary

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Course
AP Statistics

Institution
AP Statistics

AP Statistics Cumulative Notes Study Guide, Complete content summary of all units in AP Statistics, combination of notes gathered from several textbooks (AP Barron's, Princeton etc) , FRQ Question types, MCQ examples and common mistakes. Unit 1: Exploring One-Variable Data, Unit 2: Exploring Two-V...

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Uploaded on February 17, 2023
Number of pages 38
Written in 2021/2022
Type Summary

random variables
unit
unit 1 exploring one variable data
unit 2 exploring two variable data
unit 3 collecting data
unit 4 probability
and probability distributions
unit 5 sampling distributions

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,Sample space : set of all possible outcomes
Event : any collection of outcomes in the sample space

Both Tasks : Min Mxn and
-
-

O EP ( A) El

sum of all of the prob .

possible -

- I , MAI I -

-

Complement Rule: PLAY I PLA)
-
-
-

Independent: knowing that event A occurs x change prob . of Event B

PLA and B) = PLA) x PCB )

Mutually Exclusive (Disjoint) Event : A and B have no outcomes in common

PCA and 131=0
② Not Independent

At least :P ( at least I -

-
I -
PIN one ) Pl at least O ) -

-
PCA or B )

PLA or B) -

-
PLA) t PCB) -

PCA and B)

Independent : PLA or B) PLAIT PCB) PCAIXPIB) -
-
-

Mutually Exclusive PLA or BI Platt PIB) :
-
-

Plan B)
NAIB) =
PCB)
sample space : B

Independent : Pl Al BI PCA)
-

-

P ( BIA )
-

- PCB)

, Lesson 1

-

XPL03NG7A
Individuals and Variables

1. Individual chat
② object described by set of data exlppl animals , things
,

2. Variable

to characteristics of an individual
-
takes different values for different individuals
1) Quantitative : takes numerical values ex) height , weight GPA,

2) Categorical ( qualitative ) : places individual into one of categories breed of dog
an
engender , hair color ,

Distribution of available
-
Distribution : what values the variable takes

clustered together
a.
spread far apart
) how
-
these values vary

1. Distribution of categorical Value

" Bar
Graph 2) Pie Graph

7%1

percentile ' IEIEH
2. Distribution of Quantitative Variable sum
p
(I

1) Dotplot 4) Relative cumulative frequency Graph ( Ogive)
-
Describe relative position of individual within distribution lpth percentile )
-
"
goth percentile " -

-
90% <
your score ,40% of all scores

- E' EEE
'
-
ogive
Stem plot
§f!! o ÷
- - - -

2) heat
-

,

is:i

5) Boxplot
outlier
3)
Histogram 1. range It i.
sxiarfmqxfizi Not show :

→ Qf 99 1) Mean Only media
0 IQR -1 Q2 -

1-87%87-1042

.°r¥#
QI
-
14 ' 2) Number of Observations
1.5×1042--2 '
.
how many data
Horizontal
r
og
( normal dis
(
Vertical
outlier
1-131-1
mind 'meaa!
ma '
.
,

, Pattern of Distribution
1) Shape / symmetry vs skewness )

2) Outliers / extreme values : Min -
1.5×1042 ,
Max -11.5×10421

3) Center lmeanvs median )

4) Spread / range , lnterquartile Range)

Skewed Distribution Skewed Left Skewed Right

-¥ ¥
1) Skewed Right :

-
rel cumulative
.

frequency graph increase rapidly in beginning mean -
mean

2) Skewed Left :
-
rel cumulative
.

frequency graph increase rapidly atend

Describing Destributions with Numbers
1) Mean
2) Median
3) Range / Max Mint
-

4) IQR / Inter quartile Range :Q3 -

Q1 )

5) Five Number Summary / Min ,Ql,Med,Q3 ,
Max )

b) Outliers ( Max -11.51042 Min ,
-
1.5 / QR

Center of Distribution normal
Comparing Mean and Median

# §:X
1) Mean of 1) Symmetric mean median
m¥¥
: :

:[ = ,
sum
nofobserv .
2) Skewed left : means median

_aean
most popular measure of center
-

3) Skewed Right : mean > median
-
sensitive to outliers → Not appropriate measure
-

mean pulled towards skewness Linear Transformation
* 2) Median / Q2 50th percentile) ,
-
X mean µ
:
, standard deviation o
"
Mem
:Ñ,Ñ
' '

-
Odd :( ntlllzth Mean
-
Even : average of nlzthandlnlztlltn o +1 ICHI sp :S , 0
Eat
-10
-

Sigma
Joliet
-

spread of Distribution ¥iÉ¥ -

1)
Range : Max -
Min deviation x :{1123.4.5 }
/
:|
2) IQR :Q } -
Q1 "
" "
s
** 3) Standard Deviation 1. Y=atX 2. Y=bx
*
-
most common measure of spread Tdegreeof freedom
y=2 -11=[3,4%6,7] y=3x={3,619,12115}
close link with mean
=Fv=Elxin2 My=2tMx My=3µx=9
-

→ sensitive to outliers HE -24Mt -1s oy=ox oy=3ox
É
Degree of freedom
¥?
Intinction Point

⇒=om=÷÷÷÷÷:÷¥÷✗¥÷÷÷÷÷;
"
" 2/1 Gi -12/1 fn÷Éñ2
(
-

datatnean É '

n ,µQ -1--1--1-11=0 - Tfixed ✓ conceived
3tF.sc
" "
'THE change
'
h l
'
mean
@Nio -10
-

Properties of standard Deviation " 3. katbx
'

"°=
"

-
measure spread or dispersion around mean y=2t3x=[518111,131171
-
same mean :tspread,T standard deviation →
My=2t3µx=11
,, , ' 00
-
all same values : standard deviation __
O oy=3ox

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