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WGU C180 Assessment Questions with accurate answers, Graded A+
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WGU C180 Assessment Questions with accurate answers, Graded A+ What do psychologists study? - -• Biological Foundations -biological processes, in the brain, hormones, and DNA, items that influence thoughts and behaviors. • Mental Life -thought processes of people, e.g. when they solve pro...

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  • February 25, 2023
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  • 2022/2023
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WGU C180 Assessment Questions with
accurate answers, Graded A+

What do psychologists study? - ✔✔-• Biological Foundations -biological processes, in the brain,
hormones, and DNA, items that influence thoughts and behaviors.
• Mental Life -thought processes of people, e.g. when they solve problems
• Change- Psychologists study how individuals change mentally, emotionally, and socially as they age,
from infants to children to teens to adults to seniors
• Self and Others - how people judge themselves, and how they relate to other individuals
• Potential and Dysfunction - Psychologists study variations in perception, cognition, and emotions, to
define what is normal and what is exceptional, and what is dysfunctional


How is the scientific method applied to psychological research? - ✔✔-The scientific method is the set of
rules, and procedures used in conducting research. In addition to requiring that science is verifiable, the
scientific method demands that procedures are free of personal bias. Steps of the scientific method
1. Form Hypothesis 2. Conduct Research 3. Analyze Data 4. Interpret Data 5. Publish Results


What is the definition of hypothesis? - ✔✔-A theory is based on principles that are general and can be
applied to many situations.
A questions must be stated in a hypothesis which is a statement quessing the relationship among certain
parts of a theory.


3. What is an operational definition? Provide an example. - ✔✔-An operational definition refers to a
precise statement of how a conceptual variable is turned into a measured variable
(Conceptual Variable) Depression
(Operational definition) number of appointments made with a psychotherapist


4. Why are ethical guidelines needed within psychological research? What are some requirements of
ethical research? - ✔✔-Ethical guidelines are needed with psychological research is the prevent
physical/emotional harm to the participants. Free choice in participating, Allowed to ask questions, able
to quit at any point


What are the various research methods in the field of psychology? - ✔✔-• Descriptive is research
designed to provide a snapshot of the current state of affairs.
• Correlational is research designed to discover relationships among variables

,• Experimental research is research in which there is a random assignment people into two groups. You
manipulate the experience for one group while the control group is not.


What is the relationship between a population and a sample? - ✔✔-Sample represents the population


Identify major elements of a psychological experiment by describing an example of an experiment. Use
the terms independent variable, dependent variable, control group, and experimental group. - ✔✔-In an
experimental research design, the variables of interest are called the independent variable(s) [the
causing variable that is created (manipulated) by the experiment] and the dependent variable [a
measured variable that is expected to be influenced by the experiment] . The research hypothesis
suggests that the manipulated independent variable or variables will cause changes in the measured
dependent variables.
An example of the use of these independent and dependent variables in an experiment is the effect of
witnessing aggression on children's aggressive behaviors. In a classic study conducted by Albert Bandura
in 1961, it was revealed that children who first watched an adult demonstrating violent behavior on a
Bobo doll (inflatable clown with sand at the base) in a play room were more likely to show the same
aggressive behaviors, compared to children who watched a passive adult in the play room or no adult at
all in the play room before each child entered the play room. The independent variable manipulated by
the experimenter was viewing violent behavior with the Bobo doll. The dependent variable, or the
measure of behavior, was whether the child in a play room by his or herself expressed aggression by
hitting a Bobo doll. The operational definition of this dependent variable was the number of hits, kicks,
and other displays of aggression the child inflicted on the Bobo doll.


5. What does a correlational research design examine? Provide an example - ✔✔-Correlational research
is research designed to discover relationships among variables and to allow the prediction of future
events from present knowledge. The variables of height and weight are systematically related
(correlated) because taller people generally weigh more than shorter people.


Describe examples of a positive and a negative correlation - ✔✔-Correlational-To assess the
relationships between and among two or more variables.
Postiive - As children age they get better at math
Negative - Age of a child and the number of diapers they use


What are the differences in interpretations of correlational and experimental designs? - ✔✔-In
correlational studies a researcher looks for relations between naturally occurring variables, whereas in
experimental studies the researcher introduces a change and then monitors its effects.


Identify the function of each of these four parts of a neuron and its role in neural communication. - ✔✔-
Cell Body (Soma)-contains the nucleus of the cell and keeps the cell alive


Dendrites- branching, treelike fiber which collects information from other cells and sends the
information to the soma

, Axon-a long, segmented fiber which transmits information away from the cell body toward other
neurons or to the muscles and glands.


Myelin Sheath-Covers the axon of some neurons and helps speed neural impulses


What is a neurotransmitter? What are some examples of neurotransmitters? - ✔✔-Neurochemical
messengers that are released by terminal buttons when an action potential triggers them. A few
examples of neuro transmitters are:


ACh: Used in spinal cord to simulate muscle contractions and in brain to regulate memory, sleeping and
dreaming. Udersupply associated with Alzheimer's disease.


Dopamine: Used as brains reward system. Involved in movement, motivation, and emotion. Used in
learning. Increase = Schizophrenia. Under supply = Parkinsons


Endorphins: Released in response to behaviors such as exercise, orgasam, and eating. Nataural pain
reliever. Creates a runners high.
GABA: Major inhibitory neurotransmitter. Linked to sizures.


Glutamate: cause overstimulation, migraines, and seizurs. Most common neurotransmitter.


Serotonin: Inovlved in mood, appetite, sleep and aggression. Low levels associated with depressions.


Where are neurotransmitters stored? How do they communicate between neurons? - ✔✔-If the signal
reaches the terminal buttons, they are signaled to emit chemicals known as neurotransmitters, which
communicate with other neurons across the spaces between the cells, known as synapses.


describe the major functions for each brain part: - ✔✔-Cerebellum-(literally, "little brain") consists of
two wrinkled ovals behind the brain stem. It functions to coordinate voluntary movement.


Hypothalamus-Through its many interactions with other parts of the brain, the hypothalamus helps
regulate body temperature, hunger, thirst, and sex drive and responds to the satisfaction of these needs
by creating feelings of pleasure.


Thalamus-the egg-shaped structure sitting just above the brain stem that applies still more filtering to
the sensory information coming from the spinal cord and through the reticular formation, and it relays
some of these remaining signals to the higher brain levels.

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