Class notes

KINESIOL1080B Introduction to Psychomotor Behaviour - All Class Notes

0 purchase

Institution
University Of Western Ontario (UWO )

This document consists of notes that cover ALL the course lectures and material (including diagrams) of Kinesiology 1080B Introduction to Psychomotor Behaviour taught by Matthew Heath.

[Show more]

Preview 2 out of 36 pages

View example

Uploaded on March 16, 2023
Number of pages 36
Written in 2020/2021
Type Class notes
Professor(s) Matthew heath
Contains All classes

CA$26.65

Add to cart

Add to wishlist

100% satisfaction guarantee
Immediately available after payment
Both online and in PDF
No strings attached

Lecture 1 – Sports Related Concussions January 11, 2021

Concussion: damage that occurs to the brain’s neural and glial networks from a force
translated to the body

Incidence of Concussions (NCAA)
• Men’s football (1st) à highest annual national estimate
o More athletes typically in football à higher rate
• Women’s soccer (2nd) and basketball (3rd)
o Physiological differences?
o Women more likely to speak to trainers about having a concussion?
• Men’s basketball (4th)

Mechanism
1. Linear (translational) acceleration
a. Head snaps forward
2. Rotational (angular) acceleration
a. Head turns to side very quickly à primary mitigator for
concussions
3. Impact deceleration
a. Head hits the ground
4. Impact deceleration secondary to the head striking an opposing
player’s body
a. Head to knee

Coup and Contre-coup Injuries
• Frontal and temporal lobes at increased risk for concussive injury
o Frontal lobe hits running backs knee (initial contact made) à coup
o Temporal lobe sloshes back (contact force on occipital bone) à contre-coup
• Frontal lobe = executive and high-level cognitive function
• Temporal lobe = memory and language function

Neurometabolic
• Increase in extracellular potassium
• Increased demand of energy to establish
homeostasis
• Build-up of lactate to decrease activity of brain
• Decrease in cerebral blood flow

Sport Concussion Assessment Tool (SCAT-5)
• State months in reverse order
• Memory recall task
• Reverse number recall task
• State months in reverse order
• Balance task (i.e., single leg stance)

, • Concussed individuals may do well on all tasks à important to identify these people
• Can use more lab-based measures à determine specific deficits from concussion

Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy (CTE) Symptoms
• Typically associated with individuals later in life (50s-70s)
• Can be associated with people younger in age (18)
• Smaller brain (atrophy), larger ventricles
• Progressive decline of memory and cognition
• Depression and suicidal behaviour
• Poor impulse control and aggressiveness
• Parkinsonism
• (eventually) dementia
• Motor neuron disease (similar to ALS)

Causes of CTE
1. Repetitive brain trauma that occurs with/without symptomatic concussion
2. Athletes in contact sports may experience many subconcussive impacts
3. Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) from a force transmitted to the head à collision
between brain and skull or strain on tissue and vasculature of brain
4. Strong link between concussion and CTE

CTE: Neural Pathological Investigation
• Top left: whole mount section of frontal cortex showing very focal deposition of tau
protein around small blood vessels
• Bottom left: shows dense tau immunoreactive NFTs around small blood vessels and
extensive tau immunoreactive neurites in neuropil immediately surrounding the
area
• Distinct from other similar brain disorders à distinguishing feature is damage to
neural and glial networks around small vessels in deep folds of brain

Neuropsychological Assessment for Concussion
• Evaluate executive function à Trail making task or Ray-Osterreith Complex Figure
Test à may not be reliable

Neuropsychological-Neurophysiological Assessment
• ERP measures cognition
1. Event-related brain potentials (ERPs) averaged electrical brain responses to
time-locked stimuli
2. N2pc = ERP component related to the focusing of visuospatial attention
3. P300 = measure of stimulus classification processing speed

Study
• Used football players 9 months removed from last concussive episode in 3 groups
1. Athletes never diagnosed with concussion
2. Athletes with one confirmed concussion

The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:

Guaranteed quality through customer reviews

Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.

Quick and easy check-out

You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.

Focus on what matters

Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!

Frequently asked questions

What do I get when I buy this document?

You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.

Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?

Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.

Who am I buying these notes from?

Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller kthai23. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.

Will I be stuck with a subscription?

No, you only buy these notes for CA$26.65. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.

Can Stuvia be trusted?

4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)

68443 documents were sold in the last 30 days

Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 15 years now

Start selling