Exam (elaborations)
AEMT EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2023
AEMT EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2023
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AEMT EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2023This quadrant is a common location for swelling & inflamation & the appendix is a source of
infection if it ruptures. Correct Ans - RLQ
Lower PH means Higher hydrogen ion concentrations. Correct Ans - Acidosis
Higher PH means Lower hydrogen ion concentration. Correct Ans - Alkalosis
A pathologic condition characterized by a blood PH of greater than 7.45 and resulting from the
accumulation of bases in the body from a metaboli cause-compensatory. Correct Ans -
Metabolic Alkalosis
A pathologic condition characterized by a blood PH of less than 7.35 and caused by accumulation of
acids in the body from a metabolic cause-compensatory. Correct Ans - Metabolic Acidosis
Signs & Symptoms of Dehydration Correct Ans - Decreased LOC, postural hypotension,
tachypnea, dry mucos membreanes, tachycardia, poor skin turgor, flushed dry skin, decreased urine
output.
Causes of Dehydration Correct Ans - Diarrhea, vomiting, GI drainage, hemorrhage,
insufficient fluid/food intake
Signs & Symptoms of Overhydration Correct Ans - Shortness of breath, puffy eyelids, edema,
polyuria, moist crackles (rales), acute weight gain
Causes of Overhydration Correct Ans - Unmonitored IV lines, kidney failure, prolonged
hypoventilation
3 Components to Buffer System Correct Ans - The circulating bicarbonate buffer,
respiratory, renal
System that maintains homeostasis. Correct Ans - Buffer System
Causes of Respiratory Acidosis Correct Ans - Slower respirations leads to high CO2 levels
leading to higher carbonic acid=acidosis; airway obstructions, cardiac arrest, overdose of CNS
depressant drug, drowning, respiratory arrest, pulmonary edema, closed head injury, chest trauma,
carbon monoxide poisoning.
Signs and Symptoms of Respiratory Acidosis Correct Ans - Systemic or cerebral vasodilation
or both, headaches, red flushed skin, CNS depression, bradypnea, nausea, vomiting, hypercalcemia.
Causes of Respiratory Alkalosis Correct Ans - Higher respirations lead to low CO2 levels
leading to lower carbonic acid=alkalosis; drug overdose (especially ASA), fever, overzealous bag-
make respirations.
, Signs and Symptoms of Respiratory Alkalosis Correct Ans - Decreased cerebral perfusion,
decreased LOC, lighheadedness, carpopedal spasms, tingling lips & face, chest tightness, confusion,
vertigo, blurred vision, hypocalcemia, nausea & vomiting.
Causes of Metabolic Acidosis Correct Ans - High carbonic acid leads to high hydrogen ions
combined with bicarbonate ions lead to acidosis; lactic acidosis created by anaerobic cellular
respirations due to hypoperfusion of tissue and organs, ketoacidosis, ASA oversose, alcohol
ingestions, GI losses
Signs and Symptoms of Metabolic Acidosis Correct Ans - Vasodialation, CNS depression,
headaches, hot red flushed skin, hypercalcemia, tachypnea, nausea, vomiting, arrhythmias
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis Correct Ans - Low hydrogen ions lead to low carbonic
acid=alkalosis; excessive vomiting, excessive water intake, nasogastric suctioning, excessive intake
of base, eating disorders
Signs and Symptoms of Metabolic Alkalosis Correct Ans - Confusion, muscle tremors and
cramps, bradypnea, hypotension
Treament for Open Pneumo Correct Ans - Airway support, PPV as needed, monitor for
development of tension, circulatory support, occlusive dressing.
What are produced by oxygen passing through moisture in the bronchalveolar system or by closed
alveoli opening abruptly? Correct Ans - Rales and crackles
Treatment for Simple Pneumo Correct Ans - Airway support as neede with PPV if needed,
monitor for development of tension, circulatory support, medic backup.
Upper airway sounds Correct Ans - Snoring, gurgling, stridor, coughing
Defect in the lung in which it is large and cannot self-seal. Air continues to accumulate and can't
escape, pressure increases withing the thorax, first compressing the lung on the affected side, then
pushing the structures in the mediastinum toward the opposite lung. Correct Ans - Tension
Pneumothorax
Signs and Symptoms of Tension Pneumo Correct Ans - Tachypnea, distressed, tachycardia,
low blood pressure.
Treatment of Tension Pneumo Correct Ans - Airway support as needed with PPV, relieve
tension to improve cardiac output, occlude open wounds, ALS backup.
An accumulation of fluid in the lungs, poor gas exchange with severe dyspnea, can be caused by AMI
or CHF, smoke/toxic gases, and by high altitudes. The patient will have orthopnea so sit them up.
Correct Ans - Acute Pulmonary Edema
Breath sounds associated with pneumonia Correct Ans - Rales, Rhonchi
What what may the patiend expreience dyspnea, chest pain that is referred to the shoulder or arm
of the affected side, pleuritic chest pain, subcutaneous emphysema, signs of hypovolemia, or cardiac
arrhythmias? Correct Ans - Simple Pneumothorax
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