100% satisfaction guarantee Immediately available after payment Both online and in PDF No strings attached
logo-home
Previously searched by you
Previously searched by you
logo
Class notes Violence & security. Paradigms and debates (FY) CA$13.99   Add to cart
Quickly navigate to
Preview
  2.  
  3. Universiteit Van Amsterdam (UvA)
  4.  
  5. Violence & security. Paradigms and debates (73220041FY)

Class notes

Class notes Violence & security. Paradigms and debates (FY)

2 reviews
 72 views  4 purchases
  • Course
  • Violence & security. Paradigms and debates (73220041FY)
  • Institution
  • Universiteit Van Amsterdam (UvA)

Lecture notes for Violence and Security, slides copied down, combined with Lecturer explanations (borderline word for word transcript) for the Midterm on the April 26th 2023

Preview 3 out of 24  pages

Document information

  • April 25, 2023
  • 24
  • 2022/2023
  • Class notes
  • Jessica soedirgo
  • All classes

Subjects

  • dyslexia friendly
  • ethnic conflict
  • gender based violence
  • nuclear threat
  • paradigms and debates
  • democracy and war
  • violence and st
  • violence amp security
  • lecture notes
  • uva
  • midterm
  • introduction to vamps

Written for

  • Universiteit van Amsterdam (UvA)
  • Politicologie
  • Violence & security. Paradigms and debates (73220041FY)
All documents for this subject (19)

2  reviews

review-writer-avatar

By: leadeturn • 4 months ago

review-writer-avatar

By: selwan96 • 11 months ago

Seller

avatar-seller
EgleK

Reviews received

Content preview

Lecture 1
Introduction and overview

Conceptualising Violence:
● Johan Galtung (1969)
○ norwegian, recognised as the father of peace studies
○ provides a compelling way to think about violence and peace.
● 2 types of violence:
○ Direct violence: Behaviors carried out by a clearly identifiable agent
with the intent to inflict bodily harm.
■ ex.: stabbing, shooting
○ Structural violence: Violence as present when humans systematically
cannot fulfill their physical and mental potential. Violence does not
require intent and does not require a clear agent.
■ ex.: before there was a cure for tuberculosis and people were
dying - not structural violence; if the cure is available, but
people cannot access it so they are dying - that is structural
violence

Course Focus
● We focus on direct violence in this course, focusing on forms of political
violence.
● Political violence occurs in wartime (conflicts where there as 1000+ battle-
related deaths in a given year) and in times of “peace” (e.g. electoral
violence, ethnic riots)

Conceptualizing Peace
● Johan Galtung (1969)
○ wrote during the cold war, which is can be characterized by negative
piece, but not positive piece (bc of the looming threat of nuclear war)
● typology of peace:
○ Negative peace: The absence of direct violence
○ Positive peace: A self-sustaining condition that protects the human
security of a population
■ peace requires more than a simple maintenance of a non-
violent order

What do we mean by ‘paradigms’?
● The idea of paradigms comes from Thomas Kuhn (1962)
● Paradigms or theoretical frameworks are lenses through which we see the
world
● They contain assumptions about:
○ The most important actors, as well as their behaviors and motivations
○ What leads to war and violence

, ○ What allows for peace and security

Paradigms and Approaches to Violence and Security
1. Approaches to interstate conflict
a. Realism
● Waltz
● Actors: The state is the principal actor of international politics
● Nature of the State:
○ The state is a unitary and rational actor seeking to
maximize its own interests
○ National security is a first order preference (i.e. it trumps
all)
● Understanding of Conflict/Order:
○ The international system is characterized by anarchy,
which means that security is not guaranteed.
○ Power (generally defined as material capabilities) is a
central concern to realism, because it is key to security.
○ The likelihood of war is shaped by the distribution of
power in the international system
b. Liberalism
● Actors: State and non-state actors are important.
○ E.g. Transnational advocacy networks (Margaret Keck
and Kathryn Sikkink 1998)
● Nature of the State: State preferences are an aggregate of
preferences of a wide range of state and societal actors.
○ Preferences not necessarily opposing
○ National security not always the most important
consideration
● Understanding of conflict/order:
○ Conflict is not inevitable; cooperation and mutual gains
are possible.
○ Order is possible through:
1. Economic interdependence and free trade
2. International institutions (UN, EU)
3. Democratic institutions
c. Constructivism
● Actors: Actors and the interests that drive them are socially
constructed.
● Assumptions about agent behavior:
○ Political action is shaped by identities and interests.
○ Who the actor is shapes what they view as appropriate
action

, ○ Conflict and peace are therefore shaped by the content
of identities and interests, which is why norms are so
important to social constructivism.
2. Approaches to intrastate conflict
a. Instrumentalism
● Elites as the primary explanatory variable for the
presence/absence of conflict
● Assumptions of instrumentalism:
○ Elites seek to maximize political power and other
material gains and will foment violence to meet their
interests.
b. Institutionalism
● Institutionalism is an approach that seeks to understand how
political struggles are mediated by the institutional setting in
which they take place.
c. Constructivism
● Groups as socially constructed and groups are not unitary
actors.
● Violence as a means of delineating and asserting group
boundaries
Lecture 2
Violence and state formation

What are the effects of violence? what does that mean for us? lead us to think
about?

what states we live in shapes our lived experiences. Specifically state strength
shapes many parts of our lives:
● strong states are able to implement economic policies that encourage
development because they are able to tax, redistribute resources, invest in
infrastructure
● the importance of state strength has recently been amplified; especially
when we think about the vaccine distribution during the pandemic:
○ weaker states had trouble deciding which groups to vaccinate first,
○ didn’t have the infrastructure and means to transport the vaccination
as often, so they had to figure out refrigeration for long periods
● security: people living in stronger states are less likely to experience civil war
○ if you’re living in a stronger state it will be better able to repress the
revolution, or accommodate it’s demands
○ when it comes to state capacity, it can crush an uprising
○ it has the bureaucratic and administrative capacity, as well as
coherent political institutions to distribute resources to a rebellious
region or grant autonomy rights in a particular way → this mitigates
political grievances that often animate many of these conflicts

The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:

Guaranteed quality through customer reviews

Guaranteed quality through customer reviews

Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.

Quick and easy check-out

Quick and easy check-out

You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.

Focus on what matters

Focus on what matters

Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!

Frequently asked questions

What do I get when I buy this document?

You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.

Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?

Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.

Who am I buying these notes from?

Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller EgleK. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.

Will I be stuck with a subscription?

No, you only buy these notes for CA$13.99. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.

Can Stuvia be trusted?

4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)

76462 documents were sold in the last 30 days

Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now

Start selling

Recently viewed by you

Summary ·

(1)

Migration, Citizenship and Identity Summary Week 1-8

Exam (elaborations) ·

(0)

NCE Exam Prep 2024 with correct answers

Exam (elaborations) ·

(0)

Medical law and Ethics: Exam 1

CA$13.99  4x  sold
  • (2)
  Add to cart