CLEP Biology Vocabulary Study Guide

CLEP Biology Vocabulary Abiotic - Non living factors that support an organisms life and reproduction within its habitat Active Transport - Transport across cell membrane with energy output from the cell Alleles - Different forms of corresponding genes on matching chromosomes Altruism - Amensalism - Anabolism - Antibodies - Antigen - Amylase - Starch-digesting enzyme Amino Acids - Cyclical molecules that contain carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sometimes sulfur and phosphorus. In plants and animals, there are 20 common types that can combine in various sequences to form thousands of different proteins. They are connected into chains by a water-releasing (dehydration) reaction that forms peptide bonds. ATP - Autotrophs - Bile - Biomass - Total mass of a species in an ecosystem Biotic - Capillaries - Catabolism - Catalyst - Cell Membrane - Composed of a double layer of phospholipids with globular proteins embedded within the layers Cell Wall - Central Vacuole - Cerebellum - Cerebrum - Chlorophyll - Chloroplasts - Chromosomes - Conditining - Cuticle - Cytoskeleton - Diffusion - Process of ion flow through the cell membrane from area of higher concentration to area of lower concentration Dihybrid Cross - Dominant Allele - Endocytic Vesicles - Sack of plasma membrane that surrounds a molecule outside the membrane and brings a molecule or substance into the cytoplasm Endocytosis - Process where large molecules are taken up into a pocket of membrane, pinched off, and delivered inside a membrane sack into the cytoplasm Endoplasmic Reticulum - Enzymes - Special proteins that act as catalysts for reactions. Eukaryotes - Contain membrane-bound intercellular organelles, including a nucleus. The DNA within these is organized into chromosomes. Examples include plants, fungi, and animal cells, as well as Protozoa. Exocytosis - Egg Cell - Female gamete Eggstion -