NREMT Pharmacology Questions and Answers 2023

NREMT Pharmacology Questions and Answers 2023 What medicines are carried on an EMS unit? oral glucose, oxygen, aspirin, and activated charcol What medicines can EMTs assist patients in taking? prescribed inhaler (MDI), nitroglycerin, epinephrine, autoinjector generic name general name that can be used by any drug company trade name or brand name name can only be used by a specific company indication drug is used to treat a specific disease or condition contraindication a disease or condition when the drug should not be used action desired effect of drug side effect action of a drug which is not the desired action pharmacodynamics study of biochemical and physiolohical effects of drugs on the body untoward effects unexpected results from a drug forms of medications solids, liquids, aerosols what are the two types of routes of administration? Enteral: enter the body through digestive system--slower absorption rate and not commonly used in emergency setting Paraentral: enter the body by a route other than the digestive tract, the skin, or the mucous membranes--absorbs quickly and offer a more predictable and measurable repsonse What are the routes of adminstration Per rectum (PR) Oral or Per os (PO) Intravenous injection (IV) Intraosseous injection (IO) Subcutaneous injection (SC) Intramuscular injection (MI) Inhalation Sublingal (SL) Transcutaneous (transdermal) Intranasal (IN) What are the steps in order to prescibe medicine obtain doctors orders (may be standing orders) select correct med verify presciption check for expiration date and color verify 6 rights: patient, medication, dose, route, time, documentation pharmacology science of drugs agonists cause stimulation of receptors anatgonsits (blockers) medcines that bind to receptor and block other medication or chemicals from attaching to it. medcation substance that is used to treat or prevent disease or relieve pain unintended affect effects that are undisreable but pose little risk to the patient, such as slight headache solution liquid mixture of one or more substances that cannot be separated by filtering or allowing the mixture to stand suspension substances that cannot dissolve in liquid can be evenly distributed throughout a liquid by shaking or stirring metered-dose inhaler (MDI) miniature spray canister used to direct such substances through the mouth and into the lungs and is used often by a patient with respiratory illness or asthma (suspension) peer-assisted medication adminstration administering meds to yourself or your partner patient-assisted medication administration you are assisting the patient with the administration of his own meds EMT-adminsitered medication directly administering the meds to the pt adsorption to bind to or stuck to a surface, while absorption is the process by which meds travel through body tissues until they reach the blood stream activated charcol ground into a very fine powder to provide the greatest possible surface area for binding what is the usual dose of activated charcoal and how do you convert it lbs to kgs dose: 1 to 2 g/kg of body weight converting (lbs to kg): 1kg is equal to 2.2 lbs so you divide the patients weight by 2.2 ex: if the patient weighs 200lbs you divide by 2.2 to get 90.9 kg