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Résumé Fiches de révisions Anatomie PASS
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Bonjour, Je vous propose une série de fiches résumées / de révisions sur les cours d'anatomie de PASS ( première année de médecine ).
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Anatomie Générale.
T
!
, Anatomie générale
Termes de référence
• Crânial = vers le crâne / caudal = vers les pieds
• proximal = proche du tronc ( épaule ) / distal ( main )
• médial = proche plan sagittal median ( auriculaire ) / latéral
( pouce )
• Antérieur = ventral / postérieur = dorsal
• supérieur / inférieur pour les structures
• superficiel ( peau ) / profond ( muscle )
• interne / externe pour les cavités / organes creux
Les membranes
äf
Fascia :
• membrane fibreuse, conjonctive, riche en collagène
• entoure un muscle ou le rein / prostate (viscéraux )
• poursuite au niveau de l’insertion osseuse via le périoste
• fascia superficiel fin et peu structuré + fascia profond résistant et épais,
blanc d’où partent des membranes ( septas intermusculaires ) qui
définissent les loges musculaires
• quand elles relient deux os = membrane interosseuses
• Rôles : protection, fixité, vascularisation et trophicité
İ Ü r pw m a g m d g s
Retinaculums
• poignet + cheville
• fascias profonds qui s’épaississent
• Rôles : maintien des tendons musculaires lors de
mouvements ( flexion / extension )
n
!
.
Gaines synoviales
Mnene • entourant les tendons
ma
• 2 feuillets : pariétal = superficiel et tendineux = profond
m i i re n
fixe au tendon par le mesotendon
• Liquide synovial ( lubrifiant ) entre les deux feuillets
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