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TSA Foundations of Information Technology Study Guide. VERIFIED.
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TSA Foundations of Information Technology Study Guide. VERIFIED. Infrastructure - -The underlying framework or basic foundation for something. paradigm shift - -a fundamental change in approach or underlying assumptions. Information Technology - -the study, design, development, implementation,...

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  • June 13, 2023
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TSA Foundations of Information
Technology Study Guide. VERIFIED.

Infrastructure - ✔✔-The underlying framework or basic foundation for something.



paradigm shift - ✔✔-a fundamental change in approach or underlying assumptions.



Information Technology - ✔✔-the study, design, development, implementation, support, and
management of computer-based information systems.



Information Technology Infrastructure - ✔✔-A combination of hardware and software installed on a
network that allows employees of a business to be productive.



Hardware - ✔✔-the physical parts of a computer system such as the monitor, keyboard, and hard drive



CPU (Central Processing Unit) - ✔✔-the "brain" of a computer, where data manipulation actually takes
place



Motherboard - ✔✔-the main circuit board of the computer



Network Interface Card (NIC) - ✔✔-A card that enables one computer to send and receive data to and
from another computer.



RAM (Random Access Memory) - ✔✔-____________ is a memory chip in a computer which holds all
programs and data when they are in use. Temporary storage.



Software - ✔✔-a set of computer instructions that tell the computer how to work and actually perform
computer tasks.

,3 types of software - ✔✔-system, utility, application



Application Software - ✔✔-computer software created to allow the user to perform a specific job or task



System Software - ✔✔-software that supports a computer's basic functions, such as scheduling tasks,
executing applications, and controlling peripherals.



Utility Software - ✔✔-software that performs a particular function in the "background"; it requires little
or no interaction with the user, but it is essential to the computer functioning. Examples include virus
protection and printer drivers. It works on an exception basis to notify user.



Networks - ✔✔-Include devices such as routers, switches, and communication links that allow the
computer systems to communicate with each other no matter the distance or location. They are
sometimes known as the "backbone" of the IT infrastructure.



Data - ✔✔-after the finances, are the most valuable asset a company can acquire.



Systems Analyst - ✔✔-focuses on IS issues. This person develops ideas and suggestions for ways that IT
can support and improve business processes and helps designs new business processes and policies.



End Users - ✔✔-people who use the hardware, software, networks, and databases in their performance
of their daily work.



Processes - ✔✔-the applications that a business uses in its daily operations.



Off-the-shelf software - ✔✔-Software mass-produced by software vendors to address needs that are
common across businesses, organizations, or individuals.



IT Professionals Specialties - ✔✔-Hardware, Software, and Network



Best Practice - ✔✔-a desired outcome

, Moore's Law - ✔✔-computing power doubles every 18 months



HTML - ✔✔-HyperText Markup Language, the authoring language used to create web pages.



HTTP - ✔✔-Hypertext Transfer Protocol, Protocol used to define how messages are transmitted and
formatted on the Internet.



Router - ✔✔-(computer science) a device that forwards data packets between computer networks



Switches - ✔✔-A device used to connect two or more network segments and regulate traffic.



Hub - ✔✔-Common point of connection on a network.



Client - ✔✔-An end user's computer in a computer network.



Server - ✔✔-a central computer in a computer network



Mainframe computer - ✔✔-Large computer system capable of processing massive volumes of data



Midrange Computers - ✔✔-Sometimes called minicomputers, midrange computers are less powerful
and smaller in physical size than mainframe computers, but do many of the same things, simply on a
smaller scale.



Microcomputers - ✔✔-- Lowest level of computers (lowest cost, processing power, smallest size,
smallest primary memory: RAM)

- Tablet, iPad, laptops, desktops, netbooks



Operating system - ✔✔-A collection of computer programs that work together to manage hardware and
software. Called the Platform. Ex. Microsoft windows or Mac iOS

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