Relias Questions with complete solutions 2023

Relias Questions with complete solutions 2023 1. Identify two consequences: reinforcement and punishment 2. The field of Applied Behavior Analysis focuses on ______________ behavior. observable 3. What follows behavior? consequences 4. Another way to conceptualize negative in negative reinforcement and negative punishment is: removal Negative refers to the removal of a stimulus in regards to the consequence. 5. Jane rarely used her phone. Whenever her annoying coworker approaches her and she is on the phone her coworker walks away. Now Jane is always talking on the phone. What principle of behavior accounts for this increase? negative reinforcement 6. Reinforcement is any event that _________ behavior and _________ behavior. follows; increases 7. Who was the founder of modern behaviorism? B.F. Skinner 8. When Kay talked to Nancy, she liked to complain about work. Nancy would listen and try to cheer her up by talking with her. The more Nancy talked with Kay the more she complained. By talking with Kay after she complained, Nancy used what principle? positive reinforcement 9. The definition of behavior is: any observable movement of a living thing 1. Alyse didn't sing in music class often. One day, her teacher saw Alyse singing and complimented her voice in front of the class. Alyse stopped singing in music class all together. What principle did the music teacher use on Alyse's singing behavior? positive punishment 2. Motivating operations increase the relative value of a particular reinforcer and also ________. Motivating operations increase the relative value of a particular reinforcer and also increase the likelihood of any behavior that has produced that reinforcer in the past. 3. Ratio Schedules are based on ______________ and interval schedules are based on ___________________. number of responses, passage of time 4. Luke threw toys at his peers during free play. When the teacher caught him doing this, she would take the toy that he threw and put it in a box that he couldn't access for the rest of the day. His behavior decreased. This is an example of: negative punishment 5. Hilary has autism and she likes to push buttons on her toys over and over again. After a while, to her parent's satisfaction, the batteries wore out of the toy. Hilary stopped pushing the buttons on the toy. What decreased her behavior? extinction 6. Jake yelled when he wanted music turned off and his parents would turn it off. One day, his parents decided to ignore the yelling. Jake's yelling initially increased then decreased over the next couple days as they continued to ignore. What occurred? extinction burst His parents put his behavior of yelling on extinction by no longer providing the reinforcement of turning the music off, but it initially increased before its eventual decrease. This is known as an extinction burst. 7. __________________schedules of reinforcement are when only some of the responses are reinforced. Intermittent 8. Motivating Operations variables in the environment that alter the relative value of a __________ at a particular time. reinforcer 9. Joshua cracked jokes during the movies he watched in history class every week. When he did this the teacher removed him from the class and had him sit in the library. Joshua stopped cracking jokes during the movies. This is an example of time out 10. What is not a variable of reinforcer effectiveness? attractiveness different types of prompts physical, gestural, verbal Generalization client can demonstrate a skill across people, materials/stimuli and settings -use multiple stimuli for training, vary SDs to ensure client can respond to same question asked in different ways, train different responses so the client can respond in multiple ways, use many different people, variety of settings chaining we need to teach specific steps of a complex behavior (handwashing: multiple steps) total task chaining prompt as needed for each step shaping refers to a procedure used to teach a new behavior (writing letters of alphabet, pronunciation of a word) ie. pitching ball, routines in gymnastics, diving What are the 4 functions of behavior? access to tangible, access to attention, escape/avoidance, automatic reinforcement Behavior Intervention Plan (BIP) Behavior Support Plan -objective is to have a plan that EVERYONE can easily follow -designed so everyone follows it in the exact same way -helps us know how to record behaviors Supervisors ensure BIs, families and staff are implementing the plan correctly should include these elements: -description and definition of target behaviors (behavior to decrease) -replacement behaviors (behavior to increase) -function or purpose of the target behaviors -antecedent & consequence strategies objective what we can see (crying, hitting, kicking) measurable we can take data on it (number of occurences, beginning and end of behavior) clear new observer would be able to identify and measure behavior consistently