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Milestone 3 Pharm HESI blueprint Study Guide
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Milestone 3 Pharm HESI blueprint Study Guidephenytoin ✔ Ans - Dilantin
anticonvulsant "phenyTOXIC" : can't talk, can't walk: push IV slow TX: chronic seizures Therapeutic Range: 10-20 (>20- hold RX)
*report ataxia, hand tremor, slurred speech*
*suicidal ideation, new rash (Steven Johnson)*
gingival hyperplasia expected! urine discoloration is common.
*alternative BC
phenytoin levels ✔ Ans - 10-20
trihexyphenidyl ✔ Ans - Artane
TX parkinson sx, EPS
"tri hex"
orthostatic hypotension ankle edema : elevate legs can't see can't pee can't spit can't shit
benztropine ✔ Ans - Cogentin
TX sx of Parkinson's orthostatic hypotension ankle edema : elevate legs can't see can't pee can't spit can't shit
Levodopa/Carbidopa ✔ Ans - Sinemet
Tx sx of parkinsons -Increase dopamine to minimize tremors and rigidity.
-Do not use levodopa (Sinemet) within 2 weeks of MAOI use.
-High protein decreases absorption
admin after meals dark colored urine/sweat is normal AE: orthostatic hypo. avoid B6 amantidine ✔ Ans - Symmetrel
TX sx of parkinsons AE ankle edema, constipation * elevate legs
diazepam / lorazepam /
alprazolam / flurazepam ✔ Ans - TX anxiety seizures insomnia alc withdrawal "in a BENZ"
§ Dangerous, sedative
§ Acts fast, highly addictive, not long-term use
§ Side Effect: low and slow (CNS (fall risk) cardio resp)
§ Take at bedtime, do not skip doses or abruptly stop
§ Avoid valerian root, muscle relaxants
§ Report history of reaction to midazolam
§ Do not drink alcohol § Antidote for Benzos: Flumazenil
diazepam associated w cleft lip
phenobarbital ✔ Ans - Luminal
TX anxiety insomnia sedative § Dangerous, sedative
§ Lasts longer in the body 3-5 days, so higher risk of toxicity
§***Patient on phenobarbital with low blood pressure and increased sedation:
always assess the patient first
§ low and slow (CNS (fall risk) cardio resp)
§ Withdrawal symptoms
no alcohol
amitriptyline ✔ Ans - Elavil
TX depression "Amy trips" : fall risk -Slow position changes
o Side Effects:
§dry: see, pee, spit, shit
§ Sweating
§ Seizures
§ Sedation
o Drink more fluids, eye drops o Orthostatic hypotension o Urinary retention
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