Exam (elaborations)
NR503 Epidemiology Final Exam & NR 503 Epi Midterm Exam
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NR503 Epidemiology Final Exam & NR 503 Epi Midterm Exam
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NR503 Epidemiology Final Exam & NR503 Epi Midterm Exam
Common risk factors Correct Ans - unhealthy diet, physical inactivity,
tobacco use
Childhood risk Correct Ans - conditions before birth and early in
childhood influence health in adult life.
Risk accumulation Correct Ans - Ageing is an important marker of the
accumulation of modifiable risks for chronic disease
Underlying determinants Correct Ans - a reflection of the major forces
driving social, economic, and cultural change. I.e. globalization, urbanization,
population ageing, and general policy environment
Poverty Correct Ans - interconnected with chronic disease in a vicious
circle increasing exposure to risks and decreased access to health services
Primary prevention Correct Ans - aims to prevent disease. I.e. banning
hazardous products, educating on healthy/safe habits, immunizations
Secondary prevention Correct Ans - reduce impact of disease or injury
that has already occurred. I.e. screening tests, low-dose ASA, suitably modified
work
Tertiary prevention Correct Ans - aims to soften impact of ongoing
illness. I.e. cardiac or stroke rehab, support groups, vocational rehab
Cross Cultural Health Care Program (CCHCP) Correct Ans - materials
to improve cultural competency among health providers to provide
healthcare interventions and other cultural variants
Marginalization Correct Ans - Major cause of vulnerability referring to
exposure to a range of possible harms
,Variables at risk for marginalization Correct Ans - high risk health
literacy, cultural barriers, low english proficiency
Cultural competence Correct Ans - a dynamic, fluid, continuous
process whereby an individual, system or health care agency find meaningful
and useful care delivery strategies based on knowledge of the cultural
heritage, beliefs, attitudes, and behavior of those whom they render care
Norms & values Correct Ans - soecific practices that guide the actions
and decisions of each person in a group based on their culture. Can be learned
or shared.
Kleinman Explanatory Model Correct Ans - A set of questions that the
APN can use in order to assess the culture of a patient.
Socioeconomic status Correct Ans - A measure that takes into account
three interrelated dimensions: a person's income level, education level, and
typ of occupation.
Disparities Correct Ans - a higher burden of illness, injury, disability,
or mortality experiences by one grup relative to another
Minorities Correct Ans - a group of people who because of their
physical or cultural characteristics, are singled out from the other in society
Food desert Correct Ans - neighborhoods and communities that have
limited access to affordable and nutritious foods
Social determinants of health Correct Ans - poverty, education level,
raciam, income, and poor housisng that effect access to healthcare
Social justice theory Correct Ans - the goal that all people will have
equal opportunity to healthcare access and quality of healthcare will be the
same
Data sources utilized to access determinants of health Correct Ans -
Healthy People 2020, US Census, US Department of Health and Human
Services, Office of Minority Health and Health Disparities
, Accommodation Correct Ans - To create an environment that
accomodates health practice and ritual from other cultures within a plan of
care
Acculturation Correct Ans - degree to which an individual from one
culture has given up the traits of that culture and adopted the traits of the
dominant culture in which they now reside
Assimilation Correct Ans - the social, economic, and political
integration of a cultural group into mainstream society to which it may have
emigrated
Genetics Correct Ans - place patients at higher risk for certain disease
and if family history reveals this a screening tool could be used to determine
the likelihood of a person developing the disease
Genetic risk assessment Correct Ans - when a patient is determined to
have a gene that places them at a higher risk of having a disease such as
cancer, diabetes, or cardiovascular disease
Genomics Correct Ans - study of all genes in the human genome as
well as their interaction with other genes, the individuals environment, and
the influence of cultural and psychosocial factors
Pharmacogenomics Correct Ans - medication efficacy, toxicity, and
drug interaction based on genetic variations
Components of genetic risk assessment Correct Ans - Accurate family
history for 3 generations or genetic blood testing to reveal genes
Relationship between genetics and environment Correct Ans - a
patient may have a gene increasing risks of disease while also being exposed
to environmental factors that also increase risk for disease. i.e. lung cancer
and radon gas
Cultural competence Correct Ans - A dynamic, fluid, continuous
process whereby an individual, system or healthcare agency find meaningful
and useful care delivery strategies based in knowledge of the cultural
heritage, beliefs, attitudes, and behavior of those to whom they tender care
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